4 components of tourism and the tourism industry:
- tourists
- businesses serving tourists
- government in the tourist destination
- host community/local residents
Why do people travel?
- leisure
- business
- visiting friends or relatives
- other reasons
3 types of sport tourism:
- active sport tourism
- event sport tourism
- nostalgia sport tourism
Active sport tourism:
- travel to take part in sport
- seasonality
- may be classified according to competition level
Event sport tourism:
- destination image (synergy)
- sport events as tourist attractions
- hosting sport events that draw spectators as well as active sport tourists
3 types of events:
- mega events
- hallmark events
- small scale events
Hallmark events:
major events drawing international attention
Examples of hallmark events:
- carnivals and festivals such as Mardi Gras
- cultural or religious events such as a British royal wedding
- major sport events such as the Super Bowl or Calgary Stampede
Mega sporting events and the media for hallmark events:
-
Aftermath and long term consequences of hallmark events:
-
Hallmark events: recurring events vs one time events:
-
Advantages of hosting small-scale events:
- use of existing infrastructure
-
Variety of events fit the definition of small scale events, such as…
- pro and college level sports
- amateur sport events such as the Senior Games
Small scale events have the need for community tourism agencies why?
- convention and visitors bureau
- destination marketing organizations (DMOs)
- sports commission
Nostalgia sport tourism:
- visiting sport halls of fame
- taking sport themed vacations
- attending fantasy sport camps
- touring famous sport stadia
Sustainability and sport tourism means balancing…
- the needs of today with those of the future
- needs of community (hosts) with needs of tourists
3 dimensions of sustainability and sport tourism:
- social
- economic
- environmental
Social dimensions of tourism:
- can be positive and negative
- psychic income
- preservation of traditions (dances, crafts)
- congestion, crowding
- urban regeneration (gentrification, displaced of low income residents)
Economic dimensions of tourism:
- overestimating visitors and economic impacts (needs to be conservative)
- growing security costs
- need to leverage opportunity to maximize tourism investment (can not be stand alone)
Environmental dimensions of tourism:
- the environment itself becoming a core product –> ecotourism
- sustainable practices
- impacts of global warming, pollution
