Chapter 6

Question 1

Origins of community sport: early North American experiences:

Answer 1

• indigenous sport
• early races and contests from settlers
• voluntary sport clubs emerge in major North American cities in 1800s
• 1900s playground movement (US and Mexico)
• governance of community sport in Canada

Question 2

Youth sport history:

Answer 2

• YMCA
• the Boys and Girls Clubs
• YWCA
• PAL
• Pop Warner football
• CYO
• the Little League
• the Royal Canadian Legion

Question 3

Ethical issues of youth sport:

Answer 3

• focus on education or elite sport development?
• who should govern youth sport?
• who has access to various sport opportunities?
• how should opportunities and resources be allocated?

Question 4

Community:

Answer 4

• viewed as a place where solidarity, participation and coherence can be found
• a group of people with a shared identity

Question 5

Community sport:

Answer 5

organized PA that is based in community, school, and local sport organizations

Question 6

Community sport includes _____ and ____ ____ but not _____ _____ or _____.

Answer 6

• recreation
• competitive sport
• fitness activities
• programs

Question 7

Community sport does not have to lead to development of ____ ____ ___.

Answer 7

high performance sport

Question 8

Community sport has emphasis on the ______.

Answer 8

participant

Question 9

Community sport has benefits of ____ _____.

Answer 9

sport participation

Question 10

Main aim of development of sport in communities is ____ ____.

Answer 10

sport inclusion

Question 11

The desired sporting outcomes of development of sport in communities can include:

Answer 11

• removal of barriers to sport participation
• providing opportunities to develop skills
• moving from recreational participation to competition
• training and support

Question 12

The main aim of development of communities through sport is ____ _____.

Answer 12

social inclusion

Question 13

Development of communities through sport projects will be more ____ ____, not ____ ____.

Answer 13

• needs based

- sport centred

Question 14

Development of communities through sport projects aim to use sport to achieve social outcomes such as:

Answer 14

• reducing levels of vandalism and crime
• improved school attendance/educational performance
• increasing PA in targeted groups

Question 15

Emphasis on the participant means focus on participant, not …..

Answer 15

• spectators

- consumers of sport as entertainment (community sport vs professional sport)

Question 16

Emphasis on the participant means managerial focus on:

Answer 16

• attracting and retaining participants
• programs offered
• the time and place
• the organization and delivery of programs
• cost

Question 17

Emphasis on the participant means ____ of services (increasing _____) and _____ performance.

Answer 17

• quality
• participation
• financial

Question 18

Goals of youth community sport:

Answer 18

• participation and education on the rules and strategies of the game
• related social and ethical development of the children

Question 19

Benefits of sport participation:

Answer 19

• quality of life (physical, mental health)
• family life
• sense of community/social capital

Question 20

Physical benefits of sport participation:

Answer 20

• CV

- decreased stress

Question 21

Mental health benefits of sport participation:

Answer 21

• improved concentration

- analytical ability

Question 22

Benefits of family life from sport participation:

Answer 22

• increased bonds

- improves satisfaction in families

Question 23

____ million Canadians aged ____ or older volunteered for sport organizations that served participants of all ages in their community.

Answer 23

• 1.53

- 15

Question 24

Types of community sport organizations in Canada:

Answer 24

• local, regional and national sport organizations

- community sport clubs: non profit sport organizations

Question 25

Non-profit sport organizations:

Answer 25

- volunteer based local sport organizations for community members - governed and supported through volunteer management and coaching

Question 26

Types of community sport organizations in US:

Answer 26

- non profit organizations - commercial organizations - public entities - multisport organization (MSO)

Question 27

Non-profit organizations examples:

Answer 27

- YMCA | - the Boys and Girls Clubs

Question 28

Commercial organizations examples:

Answer 28

swimming, golf, and tennis clubs

Question 29

Public entities

Answer 29

- schools - local government parks and recreation facilities - government subsidized

Question 30

Multisport organization (MSO):

Answer 30

an organization that is composed of, involves, or accommodates several sports

Question 31

Variations in structure and management styles:

Answer 31

- some highly professional with paid staff | - others informal, loose volunteer networks

Question 32

Tensions between volunteers and professional staff:

Answer 32

-

Question 33

Professional human resource management (HRM) model:

Answer 33

- a model that describes scientific methods for staffing, training, developing, and managing human resources - well suited for paid employees, it does not often fit for volunteers

Question 34

Management challenges:

Answer 34

- professional human resource management model - provide guidelines, structure, and accountability for community sport organizations - streamline program delivery

Question 35

Streamline program delivery includes:

Answer 35

- worker recruitment - selection - training - development

Question 36

HRM programs and services planning:

Answer 36

examining organization's strategies, goals, and resources

Question 37

HRM is according to the _____, ____ ____.

Answer 37

- planning | - personnel needs

Question 38

HRM volunteers vs paid professional staffs:

Answer 38

- resources - work to be performed, activities to receive compensation (ex. Alberta Sport Connection) - necessary numbers of volunteers - work volumes - background checks - skills and training

Question 39

HRM volunteer training procedure:

Answer 39

- voluteer coaches - ethical standards - proper child safety - education in the sport techniques and tactics - education in motivation - behaviour management

Question 40

Adult community sport offerings:

Answer 40

- classes - leagues - tournaments

Question 41

Adult classes:

Answer 41

instructional sessions that enhance the skill or fitness level of the participants

Question 42

Adult leagues:

Answer 42

organized forms of ongoing competition in a sport

Question 43

Adult tournaments:

Answer 43

organized forms of sport that usually extend over several days or weeks

Question 44

Youth sport offerings:

Answer 44

- classes - instructional leagues - competitive leagues - after school programs

Question 45

Youth classes:

Answer 45

emphasis on enjoyment

Question 46

Instructional youth leagues:

Answer 46

- basic motor skills - basic skills - rules - strategies - often with younger kids

Question 47

Competitive youth leagues:

Answer 47

- for older children - emphasis on competition - from local level to national championship events to international sport events

Question 48

After school programs:

Answer 48

- emphasis on physical health and fitness - younger children more likely to be enrolled - provided by public schools - YMCAs and Boys and Girls Clubs - non profit and commercial organizations

Question 49

Nunavik Youth Hockey Program:

Answer 49

- started by a former NHL player in a town in Northern Quebec with social problems - focused on teaching youth a healthy lifestyle and the importance of education through hockey - operated and administered in cooperation with the local school board