sufi content covered from
-Rohan medeival notes -> P.No 46
PYQ themes
1)sikh
- which guru appointed whom as military leader
- who became guru after whom ex Arjun Dev became the Sikh Guru after Guru Ram
- imp contri -> ex.arjun dev gave own script i.e.gurumukhi
2) Sufi
- practices of sufi saints ex.meditation,breath control,reciting holy songs
- saint & contemporary sultan ex.saint nimbarka &akbar
ex. tukaram & contemporary - important personalities & their influencers ex.kabir & ahmad sirhindi
3) Bhakti
- proponents of bhakti cult
- chronology of all saints
proponents of bhakti cult
-kabir (15th century)
-Ravidas (15th&16th century)
-Guru Nanak (1469–1539)
-Chaitanya (1485–1533)
-Namadeva(1270-1350)
-Ramananda (1400-1470)
-Mirabai (1498-1546)
-Sur Das (14th&15th century)
Tuka Ram(1608-1650)
name of all sikh gurus with who appointed them
- Guru nanak -> went to jaggnath puri,stayed at mangu math (in news,partly destroyed by odisha govern. in 2019)
- Guru Angad -> gave gurumukhi lipi
- Guru Amar Das
- Guru Ram Das
- Guru Arjan -> gave harminder sahib
- Guru Hargobind
- Guru Har Rai
- Guru Har Krishan
- Guru Tegh Bahadur -> killed by aurangzeb -> also visited jaggnath puri
- Guru Gobind Singh
Bhakti as a religious concept means
devotional surrender to a supreme god for attaining salvation
every big personality/saint & contemporary sultan
- Ramananda -> Ravidas & kabir were his students
- Surdas -> Contemporary to akbar
- Tukaram ->contemporary of Maratha Shivaji and saints like Eknath and Ramdas.
chronology of all saints
- -Namadeva(1270-1350)
- Sur Das (14th&15th century)
- Ramananda (1400-1470)
- kabir (15th century)
- Ravidas (15th&16th century)
- Guru Nanak (1469–1539) -> contemporary of kabir,met kabir
- Chaitanya (1485–1533)
- Mirabai (1498-1546)
- Tuka Ram(1608-1650)
language used by particular saint
- -Namadeva(1270-1350) : Marathi and Hindi.
- Sur Das (14th&15th century) : hindi
3.Ramananda (1400-1470) : first
to preach his doctrine of devotion in Hindi, the
4.kabir (15th century) -> hindi,avadhi,braj,
bhojpuri (googled thing)
- Ravidas (15th&16th century)
- Guru Nanak (1469–1539)
- Chaitanya (1485–1533)
- Mirabai (1498-1546)
- Tuka Ram(1608-1650) : marathi
profession of particular saint
1.-Namadeva(1270-1350) ->son of
a tailor
- Sur Das (14th&15th century) : was part of akbar’s court
- Ramananda (1400-1470) : education in Hindu religious philosophy -> was preacher
- kabir (15th century) : probably a weaver.
- Ravidas (15th&16th century) :family of tanners-> making leather from animal skins
- Guru Nanak (1469–1539)
- Chaitanya (1485–1533)
- Mirabai (1498-1546) : rajput housewife
- Tuka Ram(1608-1650) : trader
hymns of the Vaishnava saints, Azhwars, are compiled as ?
Nalayira Divya Prabandham
meaning of
- parivrajaka
- sramana
- Upasaka
- wandering ascetic
- “one who labours, toils, or exerts themselves or “seeker, one who performs acts of austerity, ascetic”.
- Lay follower of Buddhism
meaning of
- parivrajaka
- sramana
- Upasaka
- wandering ascetic
- “one who labours, toils, or exerts themselves or “seeker, one who performs acts of austerity, ascetic”.
- Lay follower of Buddhism
Which central idea of Buddhism and Jainism, was adopted by Saivites and Vaishnavites?
idea of renunciation -> renunciation = abandonment of pursuit of material comforts, in the interests of achieving spiritual enlightenment
who expounded the philosophy known as Vishistadvaita, or qualified monism? what is advaita?
Ramanujar
-advaita mhnje ishwar ani manus he donhi ekatra yeu shaktat i.e. tya doghanmadhe dvait nahiye
who expounded the philosophy known as Vishistadvaita, or qualified monism? what is advaita?
Ramanujar
-advaita mhnje ishwar ani manus he donhi ekatra yeu shaktat i.e. tya doghanmadhe dvait nahiye
in which particular centuries bhakti movement flourished in south & north india
south - 7th
north-15th
practices followed by sufi saints for worship?
- ascetic exercises, contemplation, renunciation and self-denial
- sufi represents mystical dimension of islam -> it considers humanity at large
Sufism crystallized into various ‘Silsilahs’ or orders. The most popular Sufi orders were ?
Chistis, Suhrawardis, Qadiriyahs and Naqshbandis.
how sufis imagined their relation with god?
- Sufis regarded God as the supreme beauty and believed that one must admire it, take delight in His thought and concentrate his attention on Him only.
- God is ‘Mashuq’ (beloved) and Sufis are the ‘Ashiqs’ (lovers).
how sufis imagined their relation with god?
- Sufis regarded God as the supreme beauty and believed that one must admire it, take delight in His thought and concentrate his attention on Him only.
- God is ‘Mashuq’ (beloved) and Sufis are the ‘Ashiqs’ (lovers).
features of bhakti movement?
-monotheism
-beleived in freedom from the cycle
of life and death i.e. salvation
–gurus can act as guides
features of bhakti movement?
-monotheism
-beleived in freedom from the cycle
of life and death i.e. salvation
–gurus can act as guides
-universal brotherhood
-criticized idol worship
-singing of hymns was imp
-denounced caste system
-condemned ritualism, pilgrimages & fasts.
-did not consider any language sacred -> poems in language of commons.
features of bhakti movement?
-monotheism
-beleived in freedom from the cycle
of life and death i.e. salvation
–gurus can act as guides
-universal brotherhood
-criticized idol worship
-singing of hymns was imp
-denounced caste system
-condemned ritualism, pilgrimages & fasts.
-did not consider any language sacred -> poems in language of commons.
who was teacher of kabir?important part of kabir’s teaching?
-kabir supposed to have 2 teachers 1)Hindu ->Ramananda 2) muslim -> Shaikh Taqi.
- give up on polytheism
- ridiculed show off of money & possessions
- hated rituals
