Chapter 13

Question 1

Lenin said not be entirely fixated on Marxism, but what his polcies instead

Answer 1

pragmatic opportunism

Question 2

how was the peace treaty and alliance against marxism

Answer 2

peace made with Imperial Germany, despite conceeding land and power which went against doctrine

Question 3

What was Lenin and Trotsky ideological justification for signing armistace

Answer 3

Expected revolution to follow in other marxist countries - especially germany, which was politically,economically and socially ripe for revolution according to Marx’s criteria

Question 4

earliest example of lenin not being marxist but pragmatic opportunist

Answer 4

October revolution went against doctrine, as proleteriat lead themselves

Question 5

L+S difference in their role in gov

Answer 5

L has one party state, S has one man dictatorsiip

Question 6

when Brest-Litovsk treaty

Answer 6

3rd March 1918

Question 7

Losses of Brest-Litovsk treaty, signed 3rd March 1918

Answer 7

Lost 1/6 population, 2million km2 of land, 74% of coal and iron supplies

Question 8

to what extent were october decrees on land ideologically driven

Answer 8

not - peasants already seizing land so pragmatic opportunism instead for support

Question 9

fundamental evidence lenin want power for party not ideology

Answer 9

• Sovnarkom Bolshevik only, and replaced Petrograd Soviet
• In 1922, SR given show trial with 11 executed, and party outlawed
• Julius Martov fled the country

Question 10

first evidence of lenin using supression to consolidate power

Answer 10

12 civilians killed when protesting against dissolving of Constituent Assembely on January 5th 1918

Question 11

when bolsheviks become communsit party

Answer 11

march 1918

Question 12

evidence that lenin favoured ideology personally

Answer 12

devoted his whole life to it, e.g publishing ‘what is to be done’ and publishing in Iskra in 1902

Question 13

lenin view on what lead proleteriat revolution

Answer 13

believed he understood the needs of the proleteriat better than the proleteriat themselves did

Question 14

Key Lenin introduction for power consolidation

Answer 14

Ban on factions, April 1921 meant that any decision made by central committee had to be accepted by party members on pain of expulsion

Question 15

evidence of dealing with nat min under lenin

Answer 15

Gerogain independance attempt crushed in 1922

Question 16

when lenin die

Answer 16

jan 24

Question 17

when stalin affimed as undisputed societ leader

Answer 17

dec 29

Question 18

main reason why stalin was able to bcome leader

Answer 18

• General Secreatary from April 1922
• build up support on a local level for him alone, not hte party

Question 19

counter-argument and why invalid of reason for one man party

Answer 19

It might’ve been neccessary to win the civil war, it was certianly no longer requreid from 1922

Question 20

L+S, how power for themselves

Answer 20

L used violent revolution and force during civil war, S relied on the party and exploited ideological rifts

Question 21

ways in which stalin removed opposition from within the party in a bid to assuming power

Answer 21

• exploted ideological rifts shifting between the left and right to root out opponents
• general secreatary from april22 built up support at local level that loyal to him personally