8 domains of symtoms of autism
ithe more full your circle is the more you have autis,
social differences
interst
repetitions
snsory senstibities
emotional regulation
perception
executive function
other
DSM-5
diagnostic
and Statistical Manual of
Mental Disorders
feel like question
A manic episode is a period of abnormally high mood and energy
Key signs:
Very energetic or “wired”
Little need for sleep
Racing thoughts / talking fast
Feeling overconfident or invincible
Doing risky things (spending, impulsive decisions)
unipolar mood disorder
only have deprsive epesoid
major depresion disorder
dysthymia
bipolar
person experince epesoides of mania and in most casws epsoid of depresiom
bipolar 1
bipolar 2
cyclothymia
Schizophrenia
A form of psychotic
disorder (loss of contact
with reality):
- (added)Positive symptoms:
Presence of
problematic behaviors
*(Missing Negative symptoms:
Absence of normal
functions.
Persecutory
Belief that others are persecuting, spying on, or trying to
harm one
Referenti
Belief that objects, events, or other people have particular
significance to one
Grandiose
Belief that one has great power, knowledge, or talen
Identity
Belief that one is someone else, such as Jesus Christ or the
president of the United States
Control
Belief that one’s thoughts and behaviors are being
controlled by external forces
the more closely somone is genetically realted to a person ith schizophrenia the the greater risk that he or she will develope schizophrenia
Cluster A: Odd or Eccentric Behaviour
parnoid
schoid
schizotypal
Paranoid
Distrust and suspiciousness about the motives
of the individuals with whom they interact
Schizoid
Lack of emotionality in social situations
Lack of desire to have social relationships
Schizotypal
Peculiarities of thought (i.e., magical thinking),
appearance, & behavior; emotionally detached
& socially withdrawn
Cause of narcissism: What is reaction formation (compensatory narcissism)?
Defense against deep feelings of inferiority/inadequacy
Develop an illusion of superiority to compensate for past emotional wounds
Self-esteem is boosted through real or imagined achievements
Outward: grandiose, self-important
Inward: insecure, empty, jealous, and doubt-ridden
Highly sensitive to criticism or disdain
Cause of narcissism: How can parents playing favorites lead to narcissism?
Parental favoritism → one child is consistently valued more
Favored child may develop entitlement + superiority
Belief they are “better than others” is reinforced over time
Less-favored child may experience resentment or low self-worth
Can lead to haughty, arrogant behavior and lack of empathy
Narcissistic traits are strengthened when favoritism continues into adulthood
narssism and a relationship
very good at attracting partners but dont keep for ling
little fear of romantic rejection
attravtivr
any weekneas no carry on the realtionship
very limit investment
Types of Personality Disorders
Cluster C: Anxious or Fearful Behaviour
Avoidant
Dependent
Obsessive-
Compulsive
Avoidance of interpersonal contact because of risk of
rejection; fear of criticism and feelings of inadequacy
in social situations. Inhibits development of intimate
relationships (despite wishing for them) because of
fear of being ridiculed and feeling shamed
Need for others to take responsibility for major areas
of life; feelings of discomfort or helplessness without
support from other people
Perfectionistic; over-conscientious; indecisive;
stiff; unable to express affection
Extreme dedication to work but frequently
missing deadlines
Preoccupation with details, rules, lists, and
order, which can result in missing the major
objective of an activity
DSM
Diagnostic
Criteria for
OCPD
Preoccupation with order, perfectionism, and control at the expense of flexibility and efficiency
Begins by early adulthood and present across contexts
≥ 4 of the following:
Excessive focus on details, rules, lists, order
Perfectionism interferes with task completion
Overly devoted to work/productivity (excludes leisure/relationships)
Inflexible about morals/ethics/values
Unable to discard worn-out or worthless items
Reluctant to delegate unless others do things their way
Miserly spending style (hoards money)
Shows rigidity and stubbornness
Dimensional Approach to Psychopathology
All behaviors/personality
traits fall along a
continuum.
* Most disorders
represent extremes
along this continuum.
5 dimensional model for personality disorders — what are Criteria A & B?
Back:
Back:
Criterion A (Functioning):
Assesses level of impairment in:
Self (identity, self-direction)
Interpersonal (empathy, intimacy)
Criterion B (Traits):
Identifies pathological personality traits
Describes specific maladaptive traits (e.g., negative affectivity, detachment, antagonism, disinhibition, psychoticism)
Dimensional vs. Categorical models — what’s the difference and which is preferred?
Dimensional: traits exist on a continuum (vary in degree/severity)
Categorical: disorders are present or absent (yes/no diagnosis)
Categorical is preferred in practice because:
Easier to use and understand
Faster communication between clinicians
Matches how people naturally think (mental shortcu
