Chapter 17

Question 1

Four basic tissues

Answer 1

Epithelium, connective tissue, muscle, nervous tissue

Question 2

Cell

Answer 2

Starting point for discussing basic tissues

Question 3

Cell membrane function

Answer 3

To keep the cellular fluid inside and unnecessary foreign materials outside

Question 4

Cytoplasm

Answer 4

A fluid medium inside the cell membrane

Question 5

Nucleus

Answer 5

Master control of the cell

Question 6

DNA found in the

Answer 6

Nucleus

Question 7

RNA found within the

Answer 7

Nucleolus

Question 8

The nucleolus

Answer 8

is a circumscribed dense area within the nucleus

Question 9

Organelles

Answer 9

Small functioning parts the cell

Question 10

Mitochondria

Answer 10

Responsible for energy production and for the rate at which the cell uses energy (metabolism of the cell)

Question 12

Cristae

Answer 12

Leaf like projections in the membrane of the mitochondria. The cristae have enzymes on the surface that aid in cell metabolism.

Question 13

Endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 13

Network within the fluid of the cell.

Question 14

Ribosomes

Answer 14

Small granules of RNA

Question 15

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 15

Has ribosomes

Question 16

Smooth edoplasmic reticulum

Answer 16

No ribosomes

Question 17

Golgi apparatus or golgi complex

Answer 17

The Golgi apparatus is a series of flattened saccules that produce a thin membrane to surround the material produced by the endoplasmic reticulum so it doesn’t mix into the cells cytoplasm.

Question 18

Merocrine secretion

Answer 18

Fuses to cell membrane and breaks free of it

Question 19

Lysosome

Answer 19

Lysosome digests foreign substances or takes care of cell death.. if the lysosome breaks it’ll leak out digestive enzymes and kill the cell.

Question 20

Microtubles or microfilaments

Answer 20

Hollow rods formed of ball like subunits of proteins called alpha-tubulins and beta-tubulins. Found in all cells except mature erythrocytes or red blood cells. Often bind to the cell membrane.

Question 21

Centrioles

Answer 21

A pair of multi-tubular rods that function in mitosis aiding in alignment of the poles of dividing cell.

Question 22

Cellular inclusions

Answer 22

Contents of the inclusions are not produced by the cell but rather are stored in the cell to be used at a later time and another place.

Question 23

Lipid droplets

Answer 23

Inclusions- little spheres of fat

Question 24

Glycogen

Answer 24

Multiple units of sugar glucose

Question 25

Pinocytosis

Answer 25

Means drinking in. Membrane caves inward and pinching itself off surroundings the inclusion without any loss of cytoplasm.

Question 26

What is the organelle that is the master control center of the cell and houses DNA & RNA? (choose 1) * 1 point Mitochondria Endoplasmic reticulum Nucleus Golgi Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum Centriols

Answer 26

Nucleus

Question 27

What is the organelle that aids in cell division (mitosis)? (choose 1) * 1 point Mitochondria Endoplasmic reticulum Nucleus Golgi Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum Centriols

Answer 27

Centriols

Question 28

Check ALL the aspects that apply to the description of mitochondria. * 1 point Has ribosomes and produces proteins Produce energy Control metabolism If are injured, the cell may not be able to function, and could die Function is controlled by RNA Inner projections are called cristae which contain enzymes Package cell content

Answer 28

Produce energy Control metabolism If are injured, the cell may not be able to function and could die Inner projections are called cristae which contain enzymes

Question 29

Check ALL the aspects that apply to the description of the Microfilaments. * 1 point Found in all cells EXCEPT mature erythrocytes The solid filament that is part of the cytoskeleton Called suicide bags by the researcher that discovered them! Flat saclike layers in a cell that “package” the cell products for transportation outside of the cell Composed of actin Small membrane-bound structures in a cell that scavenge for damaged organelles or harmful substances in the cell The hollow ultrastructural filament of cytoskeleton

Answer 29

Found in all cells except mature erythrocytes The solid filament that is part of the cytoskeleton Composed of actin

Question 30

Check ALL the aspects that apply to the description of the Golgi apparatus. * 1 point Has ribosomes and produces proteins Controls metabolism Receives proteins after they are produced in the ER Inner projections are called cristae which contain enzymes Flat saclike layers in a cell that “package” the cell products for transportation outside of the cell

Answer 30

Receives proteins after they are produced in the ER Flat saclike layers in a cell that package the cell products from transportation outside of the cell

Question 31

Check ALL the aspects that apply to the description of the Lysosomes. * 1 point Has ribosomes and produces proteins Called suicide bags by the researcher that discovered them! Inner projections are called cristae which contain enzymes Flat saclike layers in a cell that “package” the cell products for transportation outside of the cell Small membrane-bound structures in a cell that scavenge for damaged organelles or harmful substances in the cell Contains powerful digestive enzymes, which are released if the lysosome is damaged, and then consume the cell

Answer 31

Called suicide bags by the researcher that discovered them Small membrane bound structures in a cell that scavenge for damaged organelles or harmful substances in the cell Contains powerful digestive enzymes which are released if the lysosome is damaged and then consume the cell

Question 32

Check ALL of the aspects that apply to the description of the smooth and rough endoplasmic reticulum. * 1 point Function is controlled by RNA Has ribosomes and produces proteins Related to production of the cell’s secretions for use in and out of the cell Small membrane-bound structures in a cell that scavenge for damaged organelles or harmful substances in the cell Controls metabolism Inner projections are called cristae which contain enzymes Contains powerful digestive enzymes, which are released if the lysosome is damaged, and then consume the cell Flat saclike layers in a cell that “package” the cell products for transportation outside of the cell Interconnecting tubular system in the cell

Answer 32

Function is controlled by RNA Has ribosomes and produces proteins Related to production of the cells secretions for use in and out of the cell Interconnecting tubular system in the cell

Question 33

Check ALL of the aspects that apply to the description of the Microtubules. * 1 point The solid filament that is part of the cytoskeleton Scaffolding of the cell, for keeping the structure’s shape The hollow ultrastructural filament of cytoskeleton Composed of actin Small membrane-bound structures in a cell that scavenge for damaged organelles or harmful substances in the cell Usually associated with the motility of cilia or flagella

Answer 33

Scaffolding of the cell, for keeping the structures shape The hollow ultrastructural filament of cytoskeleton Usually associated with the motility of cilia or flagella

Question 34

Pinocytosis is described by which of the following descriptions below? (Check multiple) * 1 point Also known as “Drinking in” Product pushes into the cell membrane Golgi moves to inner cell membrane Fuses to cell wall At fusion point rupture occurs Pinches itself off and surrounds the product without cytoplasm loss Contents release with no cytoplasm loss Golgi is incorporated into cell wall Membrane caves inward

Answer 34

Drinking in Product pushes into the cell membrane Pinches itself off and surrounds the product without cytoplasma loss Membrane caves inward Contents release with no cytoplasm loss

Question 35

What muscles are involuntarily controlled

Answer 35

Smooth and cardiac

Question 36

Purkinje’s fibers act like nerves in this type of muscles. (choose 1) * 1 point Smooth Skeletal Cardiac

Answer 36

Cardiac

Question 37

Skeletal muscles are described as (choose multiple) * 1 point Contains purkinje’s fibers Found in digestive tract and other organs Striated or striped in appearance Voluntarily controlled for body movement Found in the heart Containing hundreds of nuclei Involuntarily controlled Contains only 1-2 nuclei

Answer 37

Striated or striped in appearance Voluntarily controlled for body movement Containing hundreds of nuclei

Question 38

Check ALL the aspects that apply to the description of a myofiber. * 1 point It is a muscle cell Runs the full length of the muscle Made up of Myofibrils Contains sarcomere-the functional unit of skeletal muscle Only found in the heart

Answer 38

It is a muscle cell Runs the full length of the muscle Made of myofibrils Contains sarcomere-the functional unit of skeletal muscle

Question 39

Check ALL that apply to efferent nerves * 1 point Sensory messages carried from the outer parts of the body to the brain Motor messages leaving the brain to parts of the body, Causing action to take place.

Answer 39

Motor messages leaving thee brain to parts of the body Causing action to takee place

Question 40

3 parts of a neuron are

Answer 40

cell body axon dendrite

Question 41

Check ALL that apply to efferent nerves * 1 point Sensory messages carried from the outer parts of the body to the brain Motor messages leaving the brain to parts of the body, Causing action to take place.

Answer 41

Cell body

Question 42

Check ALL that apply to efferent nerves * 1 point Sensory messages carried from the outer parts of the body to the brain Motor messages leaving the brain to parts of the body, Causing action to take place.v Check ALL that apply to efferent nerves

Answer 42

Axon

Question 43

What part of a neuron conducts impulses towards cell body * 1 point Cell body Axon Dendrite

Answer 43

Dendrite

Question 44

What allows messages to travel faster between neurons? * 1 point Acetylcholine Epinephrine Myelin Sheath

Answer 44

Myelin Sheath