What is a genome?
Each person’s complete set of hereditary information; the complete set of DNA of any organism, including all of its genes
What is genotype?
The genetic material an individual inherits
What is phenotype?
The observable expression of the genotype, including both body characteristics and behavior
What is the environment?
Every aspect of individuals and their surroundings other than genes
What are chromosomes?
Molecules of DNA that transmit genetic information; chromosomes are made up of DNA
What is DNA?
Molecules that carry all the biochemical instructions involved in the formation and functioning of an organism
What are genes?
Sections of chromosomes that are the basic unit of heredity in all living things
What are sex chromosomes?
The chromosomes (X and Y) that typically correlate to an individual’s assigned sex at birth
What are endophenotypes?
Intermediate phenotypes, including the brain and nervous systems, that do not involve overt behavior
What are alleles?
Two or more different forms of a gene
What is a dominant allele?
The allele that, if present, gets expressed
What is a recessive allele?
The allele that is not expressed if a dominant allele is present
What is the dominant-recessive pattern?
A person can inherit two of the same allele-two dominant or two recessive and thus be homozygous for the trait in question
Or The person can inherit two different alleles - one dominant and the other recessive and thus be heterozygous for the trait
What is homozygous?
Having two of the same allele for a trait
What is heterozygous?
Having two different alleles for a trait
What is carrier genetic testing?
Genetic testing used to determine whether prospective parents are carriers of specific disorders
What is prenatal testing?
Genetic testing used to assess the fetus’s risk for congenital abnormalities
What is newborn screening?
Tests used to screen newborn infants for a range of genetic and nongenetic disorders
What are the parental contributions to the child’s environment?
Parents’ behavior toward their children is genetically influenced, as are the kinds of preferences, activities, and resources to which they expose their children
What is heritable?
Refers to characteristics or traits that are genetically transmitted
What is a twin-study design?
A specialized form of the family study used to compare the correlations for identical twins with those for same-sex fraternal
What is the equal environments assumption?
The claim is that both types of twins shared the same prenatal environment were born at the same time grew up in the same family and community and are always the same age when tested.
What is an adoption study?
Researchers examine whether adopted children’s scores on a given measure are correlated more highly with those of their biological parents and siblings or with those of their adoptive parents and siblings
What is a neuron?
Cells that are specialized for sending and receiving messages between the brain and all parts of the body as well as within the brain itself
-
Chapter 1 Lecture38
-
Chapter 1 Textbook45
-
Chapter 2 Teratogens Lecture22
-
Lesson 2.1 Textbook33
-
Prenatal Learning Lecture13
-
Chapter 2.2, 2.3, 2.4 Textbook19
-
Ch 2. The Newborn Lecture13
-
Chapter 3 Nature and Nurture Lecture57
-
Chapter 3 Textbook47
-
Chapter 4 Piaget Lecture21
-
Chapter 4 Textbook9
-
Chapter 4 Information-Processing Theory & Dynamic Systems Lecture18
-
Chapter 4: Sociocultural Theories17
-
Chapter 4 Core Knowledge Theories10
-
Chapter 5 Perceptual Development46
-
Chapter 5 Learning21
-
Chapter 5 Motor Development17
-
Chapter 6: Language Development45
-
Chapter 6: Theories of Language Development28
-
Chapter 7: Conceptual Development46
