Chapter 33

Question 1

acute pain

Answer 1

sharp / severe;
- felt suddenly from injury, disease, trauma, surgery

Question 2

chronic pain

Answer 2

continues for long time (longer than 12 weeks)
- on and off
- persistent (constant)

Question 3

comfort

Answer 3

state of wellbeing; no pain whatsoever

Question 4

pain

Answer 4

discomfort; ache / hurt / be sore

Question 5

insomnia

Answer 5

chronic condition where person cannot sleep / stay asleep

Question 6

rest

Answer 6

to be calm / relaxed w/ no stress

Question 7

sleep apnea

Answer 7

pauses in breathing during sleep

Question 8

sleep deprivation

Answer 8

poor amount / quality of sleep causing reduced function / alertness

Question 9

sleepwalking

Answer 9

person leaves bed / walks while sleeping
- lasts 3-4 min (can be longer)
- has no memory

Question 10

what factors affect comfort ?

Answer 10

• pain !
• age
• illness
• activity lvl
• temp.
• ventilation
• noise
• odor
• lighting

Question 11

what can pain signal ?

Answer 11

tissue damage

Question 12

pain is what for every single person ?

Answer 12

personal and subjective
- differs from each person
- depends on what persons says

Question 13

factors affecting pain ?

Answer 13

• past / current experience
• anxiety
• rest / sleep needs
• attention
• support from others
• personal / familial duties
• meaning of person’s pain
• culture
• illness
• age
  allows follow care plan

Question 14

behavioral changes should be what ?

Answer 14

reported at once
- changes in mental comprehension
- changes in appetite
- changes in agitation
etc.

Question 15

radiating pain

Answer 15

pain felt at the site / areas around site of trauma / injury

Question 16

phantom pain

Answer 16

pain felt from a body part is no longer there

Question 17

what info about persons pain should be reported (8) ?

Answer 17

• location of pain (person point out area)
• onset / duration (when start / how long)
• intensity (mild, moderate, severe; 0-10)
• description (aching, throbbing, dull, etc.)
• factors causing pain (precipitating factors; what person was doing before / during pain started)
• factors affecting pain (what makes pain better / worse)
• vital signs
• signs / symptoms

Question 18

gallbladder pain may radiate to what parts of the body ?

Answer 18

• right upper abdomen
• back
• right shoulder

Question 19

comfort measures to promote comfort / relieve pain ?

Answer 19

• distraction (distract from pain)
• relaxation (free from mental / physical stress)
• guided imagery (focus on creating / imagining relaxing imagery)

Question 20

after pain-relief drugs are given, how long should you wait before giving care ?

Answer 20

30 min

Question 21

what is the purpose of back massages ?

Answer 21

• promote comfort / relieve pain
• relax muscles
• stimulate circulation

Question 22

when / how long should back massages be given ?

Answer 22

after repositioning, baths / showers, w/ evening care
- use w/ lotion to reduce friction
- only 3-5 min

Question 23

what areas / persons should you not give back massages to ?

Answer 23

• person w/ heart disease
• person w/ lung disorders
• person w/ back injury / surgery
• person w/ skin disease
• reddened bony areas

Question 24

position best for giving back massages ?

Answer 24

• prone
• side-lying (preferred by older person)

Question 25

doing fast movements while massaging can promote what in the person ?

Answer 25

stimulation

Question 26

doing slow movements while massaging can promote what in the person ?

Answer 26

relaxation

Question 27

order of movements on giving back massages ?

Answer 27

use firm strokes 1) up from lower to shoulders 2) shoulders out to the back upper arm 3) up upper arms across the shoulders 4) shoulders and down to lower back circular movements on shoulders / lower back

Question 28

order of movements when kneading skin ?

Answer 28

grasp skin between fingers / thumb 1) start at lower back to shoulder 2) down from shoulder to lower back

Question 29

factors affecting sleep ?

Answer 29

- illness (increase when ill) - nutrition (increase w/ weight gain, decrease w/ weight loss) - exercise (causes wakefulness) - sleep setting (changes = interference) - drugs / other substances - life-style changes - emotional problems - age (decreases w/ age)

Question 30

protein that promotes sleep ?

Answer 30

tryptophan (high in protein)