Chapter 3E

Question 1

coping

Answer 1

Coping refers to a process involving cognitive and behavioral efforts to manage specific internal/external stressors that are appraised as exceeding the resources of the individual.

Question 2

coping stratergy

Answer 2

A coping strategy is a specific method (behavioural or psychological) that people use to manage or reduce
stress produced by a stressor.
* Coping strategies include:
* Context-specific effectiveness
* Coping flexibility
* Approach strategies
* Avoidance strategies

Question 3

context specific effectiveness

Answer 3

Context-specific effectiveness: when there is a match between the coping
strategy that is used and the stressful situation.
* Rather than using a ‘one-size-fits-all’ approach, we consider the unique
demands of a stressor in our own situation, and find the “best fit

Question 4

coping flexibility

Answer 4

Coping flexibility: an individual’s ability to
ADAPT effectively to a range of stressful
situations.
Includes the abilities to:
o Recognise that a flexible coping approach is
appropriate for a specific situation
o Select a coping strategy that suits the
situation
o Recognise if a coping strategy is ineffective
o Stop an ineffective coping strategy
o Produce and implement an alternative
coping strategy when required (reappraisal)

Question 5

approach stratergies

Answer 5

refers to strategies that directly deal with a stressor and addresses the underlying problem therefore alleviating stress

Question 6

avoidance strategies

Answer 6

refers to strategies that evade and indirectly deal with stress and show no attempt to confront the underlying cause of the stressor

Question 7

appraoch strategies examples

Answer 7

• Seeking information and support (e.g. talking to a teacher or school counsellor)
• Taking action (e.g. meditating to alleviate stress before and after studying each night)
• Time management (creating a study routine and to-do list)
• Reframing (e.g. treating the exam as a fun challenge rather than a scary stressor)

Question 8

avoidance strategies examples

Answer 8

• Wishful thinking (e.g. hoping that the exam will be easy even if you don’t study)
• Denial (e.g. telling yourself you don’t even care about the exam)
• Procrastination/distraction (e.g. scrolling TikTok instead of studying)
• Venting emotions (e.g. going for a run and talking with a friend to unwind)