the sensory and motor neurons in the motor system and what they do **
- sensory and motor systems separate
- sensory: bring info to brain (receptive fields get bigger, more complex); project to motor systems
- motor: sends info from the brain (receptive fields get smaller, more specific ); project to sensory systems
- sensory -motor systems in constant communication
how information is encoded in primary motor cortex **
- info is brought in from premotor cortex (planning and initiation)
- basal ganglia (selects which movements to perform) and lateral cerebellum (correct future movements)
all of this goes to = motor cortex
direct basal ganglia motor loops work? role in movement ? **
- excitatory, pro-movement
- putamen –> internal globus pallidus –> thalamus –> motor cortex
indirect basal ganglia motor loops work? role in movement ? **
- inhibitory, anti-movement
- putamen –> external globes pallidus –> subthalanic nucleus –> internal globus pallidus –> VA/VL thalamic nucleus –> motor cortex
role of dopamine in the motor system **
- direct pathway: excited by dopamine at D1 receptors
- indirect pathway: inhibited by dopamine at D2 receptors
role of the cerebellum in movement **
- helps shift attention between motor/auditory and visual stimuli
- balance and coordination
- required for fine-turning ongoing movements
afferent **
-carry info to spinal cord
efferent **
-carry info from spinal cord
muscle spindles
-sense muscle contraction (stretch)
Broca’s aphasia
-difficulty producing understandable speech
- slow, laborious, nonfluent speech
- meaningful speech, but missing function words
Wernicke’s aphasia
-difficulty understanding language, although sponge words may sound normal
- poor speech comprehension
- meaningless speech
blindsight
- ability to respond to visual stimuli that they report not seeing
- portions of the dorsal stream remained intact
prosopagnosia
- inability to recognize faces
- damage to FFA or the fusiform gyrus
