What is the phylum and who are members of the arthropods?
phylum arthropoda, include centipedes, millipedes, spiders, mites, ticks, scorpions, grasshoppers, beetles, flies
largest phylum and most dominant life form
inhabits almost every niche and ecosystem
What are the 3 main body characteristics of arthropods?
- jointed appendages
- “arthro” means joint and allow movement
- variety of appendages have muscles
What are the 3 advantages of an arthropod’s exoskeleton?
- protection of internal organs
- provides leverage and attachment sites for muscles, allowing greater movement
- forms watertight barrier
What are the 3 disadvantages of an arthropod’s exoskeleton?
- must be periodically shed
- costly in terms of energy
- limits ultimate size
How does the arthropods’s nervous system work?
- true brain + cephalization
- ventral nerve chord
- highly specialized sense organs
- compound + simple eyes
Name members of the class crustacea.
crabs, crayfish, lobsters, shrimp
Name the 3 main body characteristics of crustaceans
- head
- thorax
- abdomen
head + thorax = cephalothorax
Name the first five pairs of crustacean appendages and their usages.
- two antennae → sensory reception,
- three mouthparts → feeding
Name the other five pairs of crustacean appendages and their usages.
- legs → walking
- claws → eating & defense
Name 2 unique crustacean characteristics and their usages.
- swimmerets - paddle-like structures → movement & reproduction
- telson & uropod - tail → swimming backwards
What is the crustacean’s nervous system?
- brain
- ventral nerve chord & lateral nerves
- eyes & antennae
How does the crustacean reproduce?
dioecious + internal or external fertilization
swimmerets hold and carry fertilized eggs
testis (male gonads) by vas deferens transports sperm out
ovaries (female gonads)
What is the crustacean’s respiratory system?
- gills
- hemocyanin - picks up oxygen
What is the crustacean’s circulatory system?
- open
- heart pumps blood to hemocoel
What is the crustacean’s digestive system?
- tube-within-a-tube
- gastric mill portion (foregut) - grinds food
- posterior portion (midgut & hindgut) filters food particles
absorption of nutrients in digestive glands
What is the crustacean’s excretory system?
paired excretory organs (antennal glands)
