Chapter 9

Question 1

Evaluation: Objectives

• __ and___history
• __ ___ speech
• Other domains & __ ___
• Prognosis and ____
• Initial ___ ____
• Child’s ____
• Other domains

Answer 1

• Case and family history
• Quantified disfluent speech
• Other domains & contributing factors
• Prognosis and recommendations
• Initial parent counseling
• Child’s reactions
• Other domains

Question 2

Case history: Important information

• Exact time of ___
• __ __ ____(gradual-sudden)
• ____of onset
• ____ stuttering; changes over time (features and severity)
• Family’s __ ___

Answer 2

• Exact time of onset
• Manner of onset (gradual-sudden)
• Circumstances of onset
• Initial stuttering; changes over time (features and severity)
• Family’s stuttering history

Question 3

Risk prediction near onset: Primary factors

• __ ___
• ___
• Stuttering ___
• ___ of stuttering history
• ___ at ___
• Disfluency ___
• Disfluency ____

Answer 3

• Family History
• Gender
• Stuttering trends
• Duration of stuttering history
• Age at onset
• Disfluency type
• Disfluency length

Question 4

Family history

___ and ___ tend to go in the family.

• -A child with familial history of __ ___has a __% chance to follow same pattern
• -A child with familial history of __ ___ has a ___% chance to follow same pattern

Answer 4

Persistency and natural recovery tend to go in the family.

• -A child with familial history of persistent stuttering has a 65% chance to follow same pattern
• -A child with familial history of recovered stuttering has a 65% chance to follow same pattern

Question 5

Risk prediction near onset: Secondary and Tertiary factors

• ___. Not a factor during first ___months
• ___ at Onset. Somewhat greater risk for __ __(age 4-5)
• ___. Poor scores indicate risk only __ _ __ -___ (expressive). Not clear; continuous high scores may indicate __
• 2ndary characteristics. ___ may indicate greater risk.
• 2nd formant. Not clear. __ ___may indicate risk.
• *Concomitant disorders; __, ___emotional reactions

Not risk predictors. Their presence complicating the stuttering problem should be considered.

Answer 5

• Severity. Not a factor during first 8-12 months
• Age at Onset. Somewhat greater risk for later onset (age 4-5)
• Phonology. Poor scores indicate risk only close to onset.
• Language (expressive). Not clear; continuous high scores may indicate risk.
• 2ndary characteristics. Presence may indicate greater risk.
• 2nd formant. Not clear. Limited transition may indicate risk.
• Concomitant disorders; Awareness; Emotional reactions.

Not risk predictors. Their presence complicating the stuttering problem should be considered.

Question 6

Parent Counseling

• ___ of findings
• Considerations for ___
• __ __ ___
• Advice to parents:
  a. __ ___
  b. Handling ____ events

Answer 6

• Summary of findings
• Considerations for intervention
• Information about stuttering
• Advice to parents:
  a. Home environment
  b. Handling stuttering events

Question 7

Advice to parents: Home environment

• Decrease ___ ___
• Decrease ___ and __- ___
• More __, ___activities
• Speak ___, especially to child
• Promote child’s __ ___.

Answer 7

• Decrease various pressures
• Decrease emotional and physical excitement
• More relaxed, slow paced activities
• Speak slower, especially to child
• Promote child’s self confidence.

Question 8

Advice to parents: Handling Stuttering

• Listen ___ as child ___
• Repeat child’s ___ ___: easily and stretched a bit
• More direct suggestion: “say this easily again”; “let’s say it easily together”
• ___fluency: “this was easy”
• Show ___: “Sometimes speech is difficult”
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wTpckAufNDE&feature=youtu.be

Answer 8

• Listen patiently as child stutters
• Repeat child’s stuttered word: easily and stretched a bit
• More direct suggestion: “say this easily again”; “let’s say it easily together”
• Reinforce fluency: “this was easy”
• Show empathy: “Sometimes speech is difficult”
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wTpckAufNDE&feature=youtu.be

Question 9

New from Stuttering Foundation of America

• ____ rate
• ___ questions
• __ ___
• __ ___
• Building ______
• Special times
• __ ___ apply

Answer 9

• Slower rate
• Fewer questions
• Full listening
• Turn taking
• Building confidence
• Special times
• Normal rules apply