Define communication.
–Is the process of conveying feelings, attitudes, facts, belifes, and ideas between individuals verbally or nonverbally
Why do we need to communicate?
–we would not survive without communication
(we need to interpret experiences we have, we need to release tension, we need to find out about other people, we need to know how to get info from others, etc)
–communication is effective when the message we intend to convey is the message that is actually recieved
What are three commonly accepted parts to the communication process?
- a sender of the messgae
- a reciever of the message
- the content of the message
What is involved in a communication transaction?
–the idea, encoding, transmission, recieving, decoding, understanding, and feedback
Define feedback and why it is so important?
–Feedback is the only means for determining whether there is mutual understanding between the sender and the receiver. Feedback completes the process of two-way communication
What is the difference in two-way communication and one-way communication?
- -two-way: has feedback
- -one-way: there is an absence of active verbal feedback
Give examples of nonverbal communication.
– facial expressions, eye contact, vocal cues, gestures and other body movements, touching, personal space and distance, physical envrionment, clothing and apperance and silence
How likely is it that deceptiion can be detected in others? Define microexpressions and body leakage?
– the ability to identify deception in others is around 50%
–Microexpressions: are facial expressions that last only a fraction of a second can help with detecting deception
–Body leakage: where body postures rather than face leak the truth
Define paralinguishtics and give an exapmle.
–vocal cues such as pitch, rate, tone and fluency
- -I didn’t say SHE stole the money
- -what a vacation I HAD
Explain at least four barriers or ways that meanings can go astray in verbal communication?
- -Semantics: study of meaning and changes of meanings in words
- -assumptions
- -self-concept
- -emotion-packed phrases: we need to respond instead of react
Difference between hearing and listening
- -hearing: auditory sensations are recieved by the ears and translated by the brain
- -listening: integrates physical, emotional, and intellectual inputs in a search for meaning and understanding
What are the five different levels of listening?
- -ignoring
- -pretending
- -selective listening
- -attentive listening
- -active/empathetic listening: intent to understand
What is the difference between men and womens communication styles
men: rapport: speak and hear status and independence and facts
women: report: speak and hear connection and feelings and intimacy
What is the difference in external and internal noise?
external noise: includes elements in the physical environment ex: television, music/stereo, loud traffic etc
Internal noise: includes things as a headache, daydreaming, preoccupation with other problems etc
give examples of the four requirements for active listening or empathetic listening
- -Develop a posture of involvement: incline body towards speaker, put self at comfortable distance, effective eye contact etc
- -make use of door openers: ex: invitation for other person to say more: ex: tell me more about…
- -Keep other person talking with minimal encourages. ex:really. mm-hmm, i see
- -respond reflectively: puts your understanding into your own words of what the message you recieved means
Which form of nonverbal communication communicates more emotional meaning more accurately?
facial expression
