Chemistry Chapter 2

Question 1

Periods and families/groups on the periodic table

Answer 1

Periods rows
Families columns

Question 2

A elements are known as what elements

What they mean

B elements are known as what elements

What they mean

Answer 2

Representative elements
Everything in group 1 , 2 , 13-18

Non representative elements
Everything in transitional elements and lanthanide and actinide series

Question 3

Why are alkali and alkaline earth metals both metallic

Answer 3

Because they easily lose electrons from the s subshell of their valence electrons

Question 4

Only metal liquid in regular conditions

Answer 4

Mercury

Question 5

Melting points nd density of metals

Exception is

Answer 5

High melting point, high density

Lithium

Question 6

Metals being hammered into shapes

Metals being pulled into wires

What are these factors called

Answer 6

Malleability
Ductility

Question 7

Do metals have high or low electronegativity

Answer 7

Low

Question 8

How are the electron affinities of nonmetals

Answer 8

High

Question 9

Do metals or non metals give up electrons easier

Answer 9

Metals

Question 10

What are metalloids

Answer 10

Basically semi-metals

Question 11

Where are the metalloids located on the periodic table

Answer 11

Staircase on the right
B Si
GE and then more

Question 12

What is the effective nuclear charge (Zeff)

Answer 12

THE ELECTROSTATIC ATTRAACTION BETWEEN VALENCE SHELL ELECTRONS AND THE NUCLEUS

Question 13

How doles Zeff arrange across a period

Higher values mean

Answer 13

Increase across a period

Electrons are more strongly attracted to nucleus

Question 14

Difference between atomic radius and ionic radius

Answer 14

Atomic radius is the size of a neutral elements

Ionic radius is dependant on how the elements ionizes asked on its element type and group number

Question 15

As electrons are pulled towards nucleus, how does atomic radius change

Answer 15

Decreases

Question 16

Is ionic radius of a positive or negative ion bigger than element, how would you rank it

Are the positive or negative metals and nonmetals

Answer 16

Negative biggest (nonmetals ), element, positive smallest ( metals)

Question 17

Atomic radius increases or decreases across a period

Atomic radius increases or decreases down a group

Answer 17

Decreases across period

Increases down group

Question 18

Metals ____ electrons to become ______
Nonmetals _______ electrons to become ______

Answer 18

Lose positive

Gain negative

Question 19

How do metal and nonmetals have different ionic radius depending on metalloids line

Answer 19

Metals, larger when you are away from metalloids line

Nonmetal, larger when you’re closer to metalloids line

Question 20

What is ionization energy (IE)

Is this endothermic or exothermic process

Answer 20

Energy required to remove an electron from gaseous species

Endothermic

Question 21

Ionization energy increases which direction

Answer 21

Increases left to right
Increases bottom to top

Question 22

What is the first energy neeeded to remove first electron called

Answer 22

First ionization energy

Question 23

Is first ionization energy or second ionization more

Answer 23

Second is always more than the previous

Question 24

Why are lithium and beryllium called active metals

Answer 24

Low ionization energies

Question 25

What is electron affinity

Answer 25

The exothermic process of energy that is released by a gaseous species when it gains an electron

Question 26

Electron affinity increases how in a periodic table

Answer 26

Increases from left to right Increases from bottom to top

Question 27

Highest electron affinities in which group

Answer 27

Halogens

Question 28

Metals have low electron affinity, true or false

Answer 28

True

Question 29

How does ionization energy relate to electronegativity

Answer 29

Lower ionization energy , lower electronegativity

Question 30

Which noble gases have low electronegatiovties and are thus exceptions

Answer 30

Helium neon argon

Question 31

How does electronegativity increase across periodic table

Answer 31

Increases left to right Increases bottom to top

Question 32

What is the largest and least electronegative element on periodic table

Answer 32

Cs

Question 33

What is the smallest most electronegative thing on period table

Answer 33

Fluorine. F

Question 34

Atomic radius Ionization energy Electron affinity Electronegativity What is their trend across periodic table LEFT to RIGHT and Bottom to TOP

Answer 34

Atomic radius is the only one that decreases left to right and decreases bottom to top All the others increase left to right and increase bottom to top

Question 35

What is the ionic radius like for cations and anions as compared to th elements itself

Answer 35

Anions > original > cations

Question 36

Which ones are alkali metals and which non metals do they react with most easily

Answer 36

Group 1 react with halogens most

Question 37

Which group are chalcogens

Answer 37

Group 16

Question 38

Halogens are group what

Answer 38

Group 17

Question 39

Why are halogens found diatomically

Answer 39

So reactive

Question 40

How many electrons more are needed for halogens to be noble gases

Answer 40

1 more

Question 41

Why do transitional metals have different oxidation states and exist in those different ones

Answer 41

Because they can are capable of loosing difference amount of electrons

Question 42

Negative oxidation states which group

Answer 42

14-17q