Cholesterol

Question 1

What are the four major lipids found in the blood stream?

Where is cholesterol found?

What 4 things is cholesterol the precursor for?

Answer 1

Question 2

NRTI Clinical

• Almost all require dose adjustments in CrCl
  
  • Who are the exceptions 2
• What 3 have activity against hep b
• Which one should not be mixed with Alcohol?
• Which one needs to be given on an empty stomach
• What is given to mothers and infants
• What isnt a major issue?

Answer 2

Question 3

NRTI Clinical Pearls More

• Class Adverse Effects
• Individual AEs
  
  • 2 are pretty good but have Nausea and Vom
  • Which one causes osteoporosis and renal toxicity
  • Associated with MI and Hypersensitivity?
  • Causes “m” toxicity, bone marrow suppression and myopathy
  • “p” toxicities, pancreatitis, peripheral neuropathy, pink skin
• Which one straight up isnts used because of toxicity?

Answer 3

Question 4

Cholesterol is the biosynth pathway

Answer 4

Question 5

Bile acids/salts

What is coverted into these? What do they do? What are the steps in the pathway?

Answer 5

Question 6

Biosynth of Cholesterol

Pathway in depth

Answer 6

Question 7

Triglycerides and Phospholipids

How are TGs used in the body?

What do phospholipids form?

How do Cholesterol, TGs, and Phospholipids become solublized?

Answer 7

Question 8

Lipoproteins

What do they do what are they?

How are they identified? What are the four types?

Answer 8

Question 9

Lipoproteins

Describe, VLDL, IDL, LDL, HDL

Answer 9

Question 10

Role of LDL in Plaque formation

Flowchart

Answer 10

Question 11

Plasma cholesterol levels

Answer 11

Question 12

Diseases and lipid disorders

3 of them describe them

Answer 12

Question 13

Coronary Heart Disease

What is an underlying cause?

Answer 13

Question 14

Drug therapy options chart

To decrease plasma cholesterol and LDL 3 of them

To increase TG clearance 1

To decrease VLDL formation only one

Answer 14

Question 15

Bile Acid Sequesterants

What are they chemically classified as?

What do they do?

What is their indirect effect?

Answer 15

Question 16

Cholestyramine

What functions as the anion binding site?

Answer 16

Question 17

Colestipol

Answer 17

Question 18

Colesevelam

Form and when should it be taken?

Answer 18

Question 19

Why are Bile Acid Sequesterants safer than other drugs?

These have the potential of?

How long can it take sometimes?

Answer 19

Question 20

HMG CoA reducatase Is

Inhibit the coversion of HMG CoA to?

Answer 20

Question 21

Three ways HMG CoA reducatase I lower plasma cholesterol levels

Answer 21

Question 22

What do all HMG CoA reducatase I require? All lactones are?

Answer 22

Question 23

3 natural 3 synthetic HMG CoA reducatase I

Answer 23

Question 24

Lovastatin, Simvastatin, Pravastatin all have what in their stucture?

Answer 24

Question 25

Red Yeast Rice contains significant quantities of?

Answer 25

Question 26

Pravastatin has the same structure as Sim and Lova but two additions to increase hydrophilicity?

Answer 26

Question 27

Fluva Has recently been shown to have what type of activity? The bicyclic ring of the natural statins is replaced with what?

Answer 27

Question 28

Atorvastatin Unlike other statins this one isnt extensively metabolized where? What is in the middle of it?

Answer 28

Question 29

Rosuvastatin DOA? Instead of bicyclic ring it has? Only one with what core?

Answer 29

Question 30

PK

Answer 30

Question 31

Ezetamide MOA Inhibits what and where? What is its major affect? What is it selective for?

Answer 31

Question 32

What is the active form of ezetamide? What is Vytorin?

Answer 32

Question 33

Fibrates are analogs of? In their active form they are all? Agonists at what receptor? Decrease levels of what two things?

Answer 33

Question 34

Clofibrate What do all fibrates need? What does this one have? Meaning something needs to happen

Answer 34

Question 35

fenofibrate What type of drug?

Answer 35

Question 36

Gemfibrozil Doesnt need?

Answer 36

Question 37

Niacin Inhibits what in adipose tissue? Ultimately decreases? what

Answer 37