Chromosomal Mutations

Question 1

What are Chromosomal Mutations and what are they also called?

Answer 1

• Block Mutations
• Mutations that affect large sections of a chromosome

Question 2

How do Block Mutations often occur and how serious are they and why?

Answer 2

• Usually occur during meiosis
• Very Serious - lots of DNA affected and so lots of mutations

Question 3

What are 5 forms of Chromosomal Mutations?

Answer 3

1. Duplication
2. Deletion
3. Inversion
4. Insertion
5. Translocation

Question 4

What is Chromosomal Gene Deletion?

Answer 4

• Large section of chromosome is lost

Question 5

What is Chromosomal Gene Insertion

Answer 5

Large section of chromosome is additionally added in

Question 6

What is a Chromosomal Gene Duplication

Answer 6

Large Section of chromosome is repeated

Question 7

Compared to other block mutation, what is a potential rare side-effect of Gene Duplication?

Answer 7

Can be beneficial because we are simply increasing quantity of proteins

Question 8

What is Chromosomal Gene Inversion?

Answer 8

• Large section of chromosome swaps position, but no DNA lost

Question 9

Compared to other block mutation, what is a potential rare side-effect of Gene Inversion?

Answer 9

Potentially beneficial, as same amino acids are coded for but in different order and no genetic material lost

Question 10

What is Chromosomal Translocation?

Answer 10

• Non-homologous chromosomes have sections of chromosomes moved onto them

Question 11

List the 5 Block Mutations from Most harmful to least harmful

Answer 11

1. Deletion - Because DNA is lost
2. Translocation
3. Insertion
4. Inversion
5. Duplication