VCE Biology > Pathogens > Flashcards

Pathogens Flashcards

(21 cards)

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1
Q

What are the two classifications for pathogens?

A
  1. Cellular pathogens (Living)
  2. Non-cellular pathogens (Non-living)
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2
Q

What are all the types of pathogens?

A
  1. Bacteria
  2. Viruses
  3. Protozoa
  4. Fungi
  5. Prions
  6. Multi-cellular pathogens
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3
Q

Describe the characteristics for Bacteria.

2 characteristics

A
  1. Living, uni-cellular pathogens
  2. Prokaryotic organisms (no nucleus)
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4
Q

How do bacteria cause disease?

A

Produce toxins that cause damage to cells/tissue

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5
Q

What are the 3 main types of bacteria - briefly describe them

A
  1. Coccus - round shaped
  2. Bacillus - rod shaped
  3. Spirochete - spiral shaped
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6
Q

Give some examples of bacterial diseases

A
  1. Tetanus
  2. Tuberculosis
  3. Pneumonia
  4. Syphilis
  5. Meningitis
  6. Bubomic Plague
  7. Gangrene
  8. Staph
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7
Q

State characteristics of Viruses

2 characteristics

A
  • Non-living, non-cellular pathogens
  • Contain either DNA or RNA
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8
Q

How do viruses reproduce/cause disease

A

Replicate by infecting host cells with their own viral DNA or RNA and causing cell to produce copies of virus until cell bursts.

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9
Q

State some diseases caused by viruses.

A
  • Polio
  • Measles
  • Chicken Pox
  • AIDS
  • Mumps
  • Influenza
  • Hepatitis
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10
Q

Describe characteristics of Protozoa

2 characteristics

A
  • Living, uni-cellular pathogens
  • Eukaryotic organisms (have nucleus)
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11
Q

How do protozoans cause disease?

A

Absorb nutrients from hosts and other methods

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12
Q

Give some examples of disease caused by protozoans

A
  • Malaria
  • Ameobic dysentery
  • Giardiasis
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13
Q

Describe characteristics of Fungi

A
  • Living, multi-cellular pathogens
  • Eukaryotic organisms (have nucleus)
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14
Q

How do Fungi cause disease?

A

Release enzymes and digest organic matter externally before consuming it as nutrients. Thse enzymes breaking down organic matter damages cells/tissue causing disease.

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15
Q

Give some examples of disease caused by Fungi.

A
  • Thrush
  • Ringworm
  • Tinea
  • Athlete’s Foot
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16
Q

Describe characteristics of Multi-cellular organisms

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A
  • Living, multi-cellular pathogens
  • Eukaryotic (have nucleus)
17
Q

What are the two types of multi-cellular pathogens?

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A
  • Arthropod Parasites
  • Worm Parasites
18
Q

Describe how arthropod parasites cause disease

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A

They are ectoparasites (don’t enter inside living cells). Release substances that trigger immune response or block inflammation.

19
Q

Give some examples of Arthropod pathogens

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A
  • Moquitoes
  • Fleas
  • Ticks
  • Mites
20
Q

How do worm parasites cause disease?

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A

Attatch to host and absorb nutrients

21
Q

Give some examples of Worm parasites

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A
  • Tapeworm
  • Flukes
  • Hookworms
  • Roundworms
  • Threadworms
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