What is community health nursing
A practice that occurs in and with the community
- includes many different specialities such as public health, home health, occupational health etc
- one of the main drivers of community health nursing is promoting the health of populations
- has its own standards of practice
What do community health nurses do..
- Health promotion
- Prevention and health protection
- Health maintenance, restoration and palliation
How do community nurses do it
- Professional relationships
- Health equity
- Evidence informed practice
- Professional responsibility and accountability
Who is the community health nurse
- works in the community with the client
- many roles/ categories
- two most common types of CHN in Canada
—> public health nurse (PHN)
—> Home health nurse (HHN)
Public health nurses (PHN)
Focus: promoting, protecting and preserving health
- work ina variety of settings to meet the health needs of a specific population and communities
- link to individual and family health into the population health framework and link the population health to families and individuals
Home health nurses (case manager nurses)
Focus: prevention, health restoration, health maintenance and palliation
- work in a variety of settings to deliver nursing care to individual and families
- integrate health promotion, teaching and counselling with care
Values and principles of CHN
- caring
- principles of primary health care
- multiple ways of knowing
- individual and community partnerships
- empowerment
Community health nursing process
Assessment
Planning
Implementation
Evaluation
Who is the client
- individuals
- families
- groups
- communities
- populations
- systems
CHNC standards of practice
- Health promotion
- Prevention and health protection
- Health maintenance, restoration and palliation
- Professional relationships
- Capacity building
- Health equity
- Evidence informed practice
- Professional responsibility and accountability
What is health
- an absence of disease of infirmity
- physical well-being
- a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease of infirmity
- a global orientation that expreses the extent to which one has a pervasive, enduring through dynamic feeling of confidence that ones internal and external environments are predicatblae and that they’re is a high probability that things will work out as well as can reasonably be expected
Health according to the community health nurses of Canada
- CHN view health a a dynamic process of physical, mental, spiritual and socail well being. Health includes self determination, realization of hopes and needs, and a sense of connection in the community. CHNs consider health as a resource for everyday life that is influenced by circumstances, beliefs and the determinants of health
Dimensions of health
-Physical
-Mental
-Emotional
- spiritual
- connection with the land is also very important to the health and well-being of indigenous people
Determinants of health
- biology
- the enviroment
- lifestyle
- healthcare organization
SDOH
- Income and social status
- Social support networks
- Education and literacy
- Employment/working conciliation
- Social environments
- Physical enviroment
7 physical environments - Personal health practices and coping skills
- Biology and genetic endowment
- Health services
- Gender
- Culture
Biology
- biology and genetic endowment
- healthy childhood development
Enviroment
- Income and social status
- Social support networks
- Education and literacy
- Employment/working conditions
- Social enviroment
- Physical enviroment
- Culture
- Gender
Lifestyle
- Personal health practices and coping
Healthcare organization
- Health services
17 social determinants of health
- Income and income distribution
- Education
- Housing
- Health services
- Indigenous ancestry
6, race - Unemployment and job security
- Employment and working conditions
- Social exclusion
10, geography - Gender
- Immigration
- Early childhood development
- Foood insecurity
- Social safety net
- Disability
- Globalization
What is the primary focus of Community Health Nursing?
Working with clients in the community
What are the two most common types of Community Health Nurses in Canada?
- Public Health Nurse (PHN)
- Home Health Nurse (HHN)
What is an emerging role for Community Health Nurses?
Primary Care Nurse/Family Practice Nurse
What are the core values and principles of Community Health Nurses?
- Caring
- Multiple Ways of Knowing
- Individual and Community Partnerships
- Empowerment
