G&E studies
Behavioral genetics- genetics and environment
Behavioral Expression
Genetic Expression
Phenotyes
what you observe of a trait
The fact that you are tall is a phenotype
Adoption Studies
Compare the traits of biological vs adoptive parents
Twin Studies
Mz- identical vs Dz faternal twins- share the same environment but differnet genes, what is influences by genes or envirnment?
Deterministic vs Probablistic
D- Model is fully determined by parameters
if you have this gene, you will definitely have this
P- model has uncertainties and is influenced by random factors
if you have this gene you may go on to have X, Y, Z
assortive mating
tendency for people to select others who are similar to themselves
epigenetics
Behavior and environment can impact how genes are expressed
brain plasticity
the ability of the brain to change its structure or function in result of a stimuli
classical conditioning
pairing things to create a new response- pavlovs dogs
neutral stimilus
something that does not create a specific natural response
unconditioned and conditioned stimilus
something that creates a reaction/ response
unconditioned and conditioned response
the same response to a unconditioned stimilus or a newly conditioned thing
generalization vs discrimination
generalization- once a response is combined, teh tendancy to respond to a stimilus in a similar…
putting things in the same bucket
discrimination- learned aility to distinguish between conditioned stimmilus and a similar stimilus
extinction and spontaneous recovery
you will stop responding to the new stimuli
after a while you will still occassionally respond to the learned stimmuli
operant conditioning
behaviors are reinforced or punished to continue or stop teh behavior
reinforcement and punishment
reinforcer- more likely to do something again
punishment- makes you want to do something less in the future
positive and negative reinforcers and punishers
primary and secondary reinforcers
primary- natural response to a stimulus (giving a kid chocolate)
seondary- learned or conditioned response (giving a chack mark or a star)
schedules of reinforcemnet
how often someone is given a reinforcer for a particular behavior
shaping
modifying behavior through successive approximation you get a reinforcement every step of teh way
social learning
learning is a cognitive process that takes place in a social contex
bobodoll experiement
changing behavior based on observations
