Cognitive Development

Question 1

What is cognitive development?

Answer 1

focuses on development in terms of information processing, conceptual resources, perceptual skill, language learning, and other aspects of brain development.

Ability to think and understand.

Question 2

What are the 6 levels cognition?

Answer 2

1. Knowledge
2. Comprehension
3. Application
4. Analysis
5. Synthesis
6. Evaluation

Question 3

Knowledge

Answer 3

rote memorization, recognition, or recall of facts

Question 4

Comprehension

Answer 4

understanding what the facts mean

Question 5

Application

Answer 5

correct use of the facts, rules, or ideas

Question 6

Analysis

Answer 6

breaking down information into component parts

Question 7

Synthesis

Answer 7

combination of facts, ideas, or information to make a new whole

Question 8

Evaluation

Answer 8

judging or forming an opinion about the information or situation.

Question 9

What are the 3 objectives in order for a client to learn?

Clients may have goals to learn in any of these three domains of development.

Answer 9

1. Cognitive
2. Affective
3. Psychomotor

Question 10

Cognitive

Answer 10

mental skills (knowledge)

Question 11

Affective

Answer 11

growth in feeling or emotional areas (attitude or self)

Question 12

Psychomotor

Answer 12

Manual or physical skills (skills)

Question 13

Jean Piaget Cognitive Development Theory

Answer 13

His stages address the acquisition of knowledge and how humans come to gradually acquire it. Piaget’s theory holds that children learn though interaction with the environment and others.

Question 14

Piaget Moral Development Theory

Answer 14

1. Sensorimotor
2. Preoperational
3. Concrete Operations
4. Formal Operations

Question 15

Sensorimotor

Answer 15

0-2 years
Coordination of senses with motor responses, sensory curiosity about the world. Language used for demands and cataloguing. Object permanence is developed.

Question 16

Preoperational

Answer 16

2-7 years
Symbolic thinking
use of proper syntax (the particular order in which words and phrases are arranged in a sentence) and grammar to express concepts.
Imagination and intuition are strong, but complex and abstract thoughts are still difficult.
Conversations is developed.

Question 17

Concrete Operational

Answer 17

7-11 years
Concept attached to concrete situations.
Time, space, and quantity are understood and can be applied, but not as independent concepts.

Question 18

Formal Operational

Answer 18

11 years and older
a. Higher level of abstraction
b. Planning for future
c. Thinks hypothetically
d. Assumes adult roles and responsibilities

Question 19

Kohlberg’s Stages of Moral Development

Answer 19

1) Preconventional
2) Conventional
3) Postconventional

Question 20

Preconventional

Answer 20

Elementary school level (Before age 9)
Stage 1: Child obeys an authority figure out of fear of punishment. Obedience/punishment

Stage 2: Child acts acceptably as it is in her or his best interests. Conforms to rules to receive rewards.

Question 21

Conventional (follow stereotypical norms of morality)

Answer 21

Early Adolescence
Stage 3: Person acts to gain approval from others. “Goodboy/Good girl orientation”.

Stage 4: Obeys laws and fulfills obligations and duties to maintain social system. Rule are rules. Avoids censure and guilt.

Question 22

Postconventional (this level is not reached by most adults)

Answer 22

Adults
Stage 5: Genuine interests of welfare of others; concerned with induvial rights and being morally right.

Stage 6: Guided by individual principles based on broad, universal ethical principles. Concerned for larger universal issues of morality.

Question 23

Learning theory

Answer 23

conceptual framework describing how information is absorbed, processed, and retained during learning. Cognitive, emotional, and environmental influences, as well as prior experience, all play a part of how understanding, or a worldview, is acquired or changed, as well of how knowledge and skills are retained.

Learning Theories:
1. Behaviorists
2. Cognitive
3. Humanistic
4. Social/Situational

Question 24

Behaviorists (Pavlov, Skinner)

Answer 24

Learning is viewed though the change in behavior and the stimuli in the external environment are the focus of learning. Social workers aim to change the external environment in order to bring about desired change.

Question 25

Cognitive (Piaget)

Answer 25

learning is viewed through internal mental processes (including insight, information processing, memory, and perception) and the focus of learning is internal cognitive structures. Social workers aim to develop opportunities to foster capacity and skills to improve learning.

Question 26

Humanistic (Maslow)

Answer 26

Learning is viewed as a person's activities aimed at reaching the person's full potential, and the focus of learning is in meeting cognitive and other needs. Social workers aim to develop the whole person.

Question 27

Social/Situational (Bandura)

Answer 27

learning is obtained between people ad their environments and their interactions and observations in social contexts. Social workers establish opportunities for conversation and participation to occur.