Cognitive Interview

Question 1

WHAT ARE THE 4 STAGES OF THE COGNITIVE INTERVIEW AND EXPLAIN THEM!

Answer 1

REPORT EVERYTHING
witnesses are encouraged to include every detail of the event. IT MAY TRIGGER OTHER MEMORIES AND CUES
CHANGE PERSPECTIVE
witnesses change perspectives
this prevents the influence of expectations and schema on recall and also helps trigger other cues
REVERSE THE ORDER
Instead of relying on a linear narrative, reversing events can activate different retrieval cues, improving recall. it also helps to prevent dishonesty AND LYING
REINSTATE THE CONTEXT
Cues from the context may trigger recall

Question 2

What is the enhanced cognitive interview

Answer 2

where Fisher et al developed additional elements. It reduced eyewitness anxiety minimising distractions, getting the witness to speak slowly and asking open-ended questions

Question 3

What are ADVANTAGES for the cognitive interview

Answer 3

research supports that some elements are very useful
real world application
fisher et al support

Question 4

advantages and disadvantages into research into the cognitive interview

Answer 4

Köhnken conducted a large-scale meta-analysis of 42 studies with nearly 2,500 participants. He found that the cognitive interview produced a large increase in correct recall compared to standard police interviews

Strengths:
- Supporting research (Kohnken et al - CI gave 41% increase in accuracy compared to police interview) HOWEVERRRR -> they found 61% increase in incorrect information

Limits:
- Time consuming (it requires special training to make witness relax)