OCD

Question 1

What is the Genetic explanation for OCD?

Answer 1

OCD is polygenic, meaning it involves various different genes
Some of these genes are responsible for producing serotonin and dopamine
the COMT gene regulates the production of dopamine
the SERT gene is responsible for the transport of serotonin across the synapses
Diathesis-stress model says having these gene types increase likelihood of suffering from OCD (correlational)
An environmental stimulus is required to trigger the condition.

Question 2

What is the Neural explanations for OCD?

Answer 2

Abnormal levels of neurotransmitters:
- Low serotonin levels are associated with OCD as serotonin regulates mood
- Animal studies have found that when given dopamine filled drugs, movements associated with OCD increases
- Therefore, high dopamine levels = OCD

Question 3

What are the strengths and limits of these biological explanations for OCD?

Answer 3

Strengths:
- Useful for producing effective treatment (SSRI - antidepressant that increases serotonin levels)
Limits:
- There are too many genes (over 200) that are associated with OCD - loses its predictive power
- Biologically reductionist

Question 4

What are the Biological treatments for OCD?

Answer 4

SSRI:
- This antidepressant blocks the reabsorption of serotonin into the pre synaptic neurone
- This increases the amount of serotonin in the synapse
Tricyclics:
- They block the re-uptake of neurotransmitters (variety)
SRI + CBT :
- Drugs reduce a patients emotional symptoms which allows engaging in therapy (such as CBT) to become more effective