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Cold War Test Flashcards

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1
Q

Capitalism

A

Economy is controlled by private citizens

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2
Q

Communism

A

Command economy, run fully by government

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3
Q

Cold War

A

Competition for global power between the US and the Soviet Union, also known as the war of words

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4
Q

War of perception

A

Neither side knew the intentions of their enemy, which led to political conflict and military tensions

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5
Q

George F Kennans theory of containment

A

US and allies believe there was their job to prevent the spread of communism

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6
Q

What was Eisenhower’s domino theory?

A

One country falls to communism the next will fall and so on

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7
Q

Marshall plan

A

Soviets to blame for division of Europe, economic aid to the countries in the European recovery program, sent money

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8
Q

How much money was given to Europe from the Marshall plan?

A

$17 billion to Western Europe to contain communism

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9
Q

Truman doctrine

A

Sent 400 million to push communism out of Turkey in Greece, US had huge military budget during Cold War, sent tanks

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10
Q

What did the Soviets bring to East Germany?

A

Influence communism

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11
Q

Berlin airlift

A

Western leaders dropped more than 2,000,000 tons of food and supplies to the people of West Berlin for 10 months

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12
Q

What did the Soviet Union do to oppose the martial plan?

A

Blocked roads in and out of Berlin, cutting off supplies and shipments

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13
Q

What did the US do after Soviets developed the A bomb

A

Takes interest in developing a H bomb

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14
Q

Iron curtain

A

In 1946 Winston Churchill gave a speech in Missouri in which he proclaimed that an iron current had fallen across Europe

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15
Q

What did USSR do in response to the iron curtain?

A

Blocked itself and it’s satellite states from contact with the West

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16
Q

NATO

A

North Atlantic Treaty Organization, established to aid containment efforts

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17
Q

What did the US do after the Berlin airlift?

A

The US shifts attention for economic recovery two military security(alliance) because of the Soviets aggressive actions

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18
Q

Warsaw Pact

A

West Germany joined NATO in 1955, this caused USSR to create its own alliance system in eastern Europe

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19
Q

Venona project

A

US did not trust a Soviets during World War II so they decrypted messages from Soviet spies, this went through most of the Cold War

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20
Q

U –2 incident 1960

A

CIA u-2 spy plane shot down in Soviet tire space, the pilot was Francis Gary

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21
Q

What was the effect of the U2 incident?

A

Khrushchev withdrew his invite for Eisenhower to visit the USSR, arms, race conference canceled, tensions grew

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22
Q

Under which presidents were the tensions between the Soviets and the US at its lowest and highest

A

Khrushchev and Eisenhower

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23
Q

North Korea

A

Communist dictatorship allied with Soviet Union and China

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24
Q

South Korea

A

Capitalist, democracy, allied with US

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25
What are the US involvement in the Korean War show?
Part of the US policy of containment of communism
26
Trigger June 1950
Supreme leader of North Korea Kim II sung six unify the entire Peninsula under communism, North Korea invaded South Korea
27
What did the Soviets do in responsibility upset with a UN Security Council
The Soviets boycott UN meetings this allowed the council to approve military action and support of South Korea
28
Limited war
To push North Korea back and stop spread of communism, this war was the first time the UN actively intervene with armed forces in a conflict
29
You and arrival August/September 1950
UN forces quickly forced to break out of the Pusan perimeter
30
Drive north early 1951
MacArthur lands in enemy territory sweeps north to Chinese border
31
China arrives late 1950
China then enters war to help out North Korea, Chinese forces quickly, overwhelming, pushback, UN troops
32
When did China enter the war?
Only after un enforces reached the border
33
Nuclear option early 1951
General MacArthur suggest using multiple atomic bombs on Chinese cities to win the war
34
Why does MacArthur get fired?
Because he keeps complaining about not using the atomic bombs to finish the war
35
Outcome of Korean War
Stalemate near 38th parallel until 1953, no change in government, North Korea remains communist, called the forgotten war
36
Post war, economic, boom
Money was saved during war because of rationing, consumerism, expansion of the middle class
37
What is consumerism?
Encourages the buying of goods and services and ever increasing amounts
38
US G.I. bill
Veterinarians came back to no jobs, the bill provided money for college, low interest loans for housing, unemployment compensation
39
Baby boom
Huge spiking, US birth rate 1946 through 1964
40
What does Eisenhower construct for transportation?
Interstate highway system to be able to travel places faster
41
Suburban living
That’s one at homes outside the city, highways make commute easier public transportation becomes more efficient
42
What is the white flight?
From inner city to racial struggles
43
Teens in the 50s
Obey authority, control your emotions, conform, to be a clean teen
44
Rock ‘n’ roll
Music that young people could call their own, contributed to a generation gap, Elvis, Jerry Lee Lewis, Johnny Cash, where people that were to blame
45
Beatniks
Pre-hippies, wore black, poetry, coffee shops
46
Television
TV was primary source of entertainment, movie attendance drops TV is more convenient, shows promoted morals of the American dream
47
What are three example examples of popular movies back then?
I love Lucy, leave it to Beaver, Superman
48
Space race
Soviets launch a satellite in 1957 Sputnik, US feels challenged space race begins
49
What does schools begin to do after the launch of Sputnik?
Push math and science and response to Sputnick wanted to be a more tech, savvy nation
50
Science discoverers
Polio vaccine discovered by Dr. Jonas salk, DNA strand, first computer(IBM 1951), NASA created 1958
51
New states
Alaska becomes a state in 1958 rich with oil in Hawaii becomes a 50th state in 1959, only state made up of nothing but islands
52
The second red scare
Fear of internal subversion by communist
53
Factors that led to the red scare
George Kennan(containment), fall of China and Korean war
54
Government action
Republicans are accused of being soft on communism, loyalty hosts are demanded from government employees
55
HUAC
House un American activities committee
56
What are the HUAC do
Congressional committee that interviewed suspected communists, targeted Hollywood
57
Hollywood 10
A group that did not cite first amendment rights led to blacklisting ,people accused couldnt get a job
58
Alger hiss
State Department of official accused of treason, the night accusation boat was caught in a lie convicted of perjury
59
Klaus fuchs
British citizen, convicted of atomic espionage, stole secrets from Los Altos compound
60
Julius and Ethel Rosenberg
Conviction of fuchs led to accusations of the Rosenberg’s, tried and executed for treason, despite many people who protested the decision
61
Joe McCarthy
Senator from Wisconsin that accused over 205 people to gain popularity, McCarthy was censored and died of alcoholism
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