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Jfk Unit Flashcards

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1
Q

What was significant about the election of 1960?

A

First television debate, closest win by Kennedy since 1884

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2
Q

What is significant about JFK?

A

Naval officer, receive the Pulitzer Prize for profiles in courage, youngest president, ever, first Roman Catholic

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3
Q

What was the new frontiers goal?

A

To provide medical care for the elderly and to rebuild blighted urban areas, to aid education and bolster the national defense, increased international aid, expand space program, provide volunteer assistance to developing nations, promote civil rights

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4
Q

What is peace corps?

A

Volunteers sent to give a to developing countries

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5
Q

What happened in 1969

A

Neil Armstrong lands on the moon

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6
Q

What was the problem of the new frontier?

A

Kennedy did not have support of Congress

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7
Q

What were the main successes of the new frontier?

A

Increase in minimum wage in 24th amendment outlawed

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8
Q

Flexible response

A

Measures other than nuclear weapons could be used to contain communism

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9
Q

Alliance for progress

A

Sent money to South and Central America, raise incomes and established Democratic governments, considered failure

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10
Q

Crisis in Cuba

A

Fidel Castro declared himself a communist and welcome aid from Soviet Union

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11
Q

When did the Bay of Pigs invasion happen

A

April 1961

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12
Q

What is the Bay of Pigs invasion?

A

CIA trained Cuban exiles invade Cuba to overthrow Castro, huge embarrassment for Kennedy

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13
Q

Berlin crisis

A

Soviets demanded that the US leave Berlin

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14
Q

What happened in response to the Berlin crisis?

A

Speech at Berlin wall to renew US commitment to the city

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15
Q

What happened on November 22, 1963

A

President Kennedy went to Texas to mend political fences with members of the states Democratic Party

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16
Q

Which building did John F. Kennedy approach before getting shot?

A

Texas State book depository

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17
Q

Who was taken into custody after JFK shooting?

A

Lee Harvey Oswald and the warren commission concluded that he shot JFK

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18
Q

What happened on Sunday, November 24?

A

Millions watched Oswald being transferred between jails, a nightclub owner named Jack Ruby shot and killed Oswald

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19
Q

What happened after Kennedy’s death?

A

Vice president Lyndon Johnson became president

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20
Q

What did Lyndon b Johnson have to deal with

A

Civil rights movement and Vietnam war, inherited civil unrest

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21
Q

How was Johnson’s character

A

A powerful and ambitious man, he had political experience, aimed to get things done

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22
Q

Johnson treatment

A

Used very aggressive tactics to get things done and make things go his way

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23
Q

LBJ legislation (the great society)

A

Help the poor help themselves, improve healthcare, education, aid economic development

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24
Q

How many bills did congress pass for LBJ

A

206

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25
War on poverty
Believed a lot wealthy, powerful government should help improve lives of citizens
26
24th amendment
Eliminated poll taxes, made it easier for the poor to vote, good timing because economy was growing
27
What was the range of the great society
1963-1968
28
What was reintroduced during LBJ presidency
Debate over the proper role of government in meeting the everyday needs of citizens
29
Election of 1964-LBJ
Democratic incumbent from Texas, wanted to continue great society programs
30
Election of 1964-Barry Goldwater
Republican, from Arizona, opposed soviets, wanted to nuke everyone
31
Medicare
Care for the elderly
32
Medicaid
Aid for the poor
33
Housing and urban development
Responsible for national policies that promote housing, support community developement, and enforcing fair housing laws
34
Department of transportation
Overseeing national transportation systems, ensuring safe and efficient travel and developing infrastructure policies across all modes of transport
35
Head start program
Provided early childhood education, health, nutrition, and family support to low income children to prepare them for school and life
36
Office of economic opportunity
Government responsible for administering war on poverty
37
Economic opportunity act
Underprivileged preschoolers a head start, encourage poor to join public works programs, training program for youth
38
How was LBJ in the Vietnam war
Horrible, stressed out so much and they were loosing the war badly
39
As a result of all the stress and bad outcomes, what did LBJ do
He took US out of the war in Vietnam
40
What was Vietnam colonized by
French
41
When did Vietnam defeat French
Battle of dien bien phu led by Ho Chi Minh communist
42
What did the Geneva accords do
Divided Vietnam into north and south
43
Who led the south and north
Ho Chi Minh- north Ngo din diem-south
44
Vietcong
Communist Vietnamese in south Vietnam
45
Vietminh
Communist Vietnamese in north Vietnam
46
When was the nlf born
1960
47
What did the nlf do
Opposed ngo din diem and wanted a unified Vietnam
48
What was the strategic hamlet
Relocated peasants to protect them from communist influences and created by Kennedy
49
What is the green berets
Special forces unit to combat the insurgency in south vietnam
50
When was diem assassinated and why
He is so unpopular in 1963
51
What led to an increase of communism in the south
Lack of political stability and abuse of peasants rights
52
Who were presidents during war
Lyndon b Johnson and Richard Nixon
53
Who is the us secretary of defense
Robert McNamara
54
General of US forces in Vietnam
William westmoreland
55
Communist leader of north Vietnam
Ho Chi Minh
56
What did Johnson do with the secretary of defense
Sent him to south vietnam to get a report back about how Vietnam would fall in 2-3 months, large numbers of troops need to be deployed, and bombing needs to occur
57
Gulf of Tonkin incident
2 ships patrolling off the coast of north Vietnam are attacked by Vietnamese twice(first actually an attack)
58
What happens after the gulf of Tonkin
Congress gave Lyndon b Johnson right to use armed forces in Vietnam
59
Search and destroy missions
Long patrols inserted usually by helicopter to seek out and kill Vietcong fighters
60
Napalm
A highly flammable gasoline jelly
61
Why were enemies hard to located
Blended In with the majority and used gurilla tactics
62
Agent orange(defoliation) operation ranch hand
Herbicide that was sprayed on forested and crops
63
Protracted war
Tested the American people’s resolve in a long war
64
Guerilla warfare
Fighters used ambush and hit and run tactics to bleed
65
Ho Chi Minh trail
Supply line that runs mainly through Laos and Cambodia, used to get supplies
66
Operation rolling thunder
Bombing campaign over north Vietnam, ended up being undersell because of poor planing and resolve of the Vietnamese people
67
Tet offensive
Turning point, coordinated attack on South Vietnam by the NLF huge political defeat for the US, American public turned against the war effort, events were televised
68
Living room war
Families watch the war on TV
69
My lai massacre
March 1968 US forces killed between 350 to 500 unarmed civilians Lieutenant William calley was convicted
70
The draft
Men 18 years or older were eligible for the draft
71
Who were people that were exempted from the draft?
Married men with children and college students
72
Hawks
Supported war and Johnson
73
Doves
Against the war
74
Silent majority
Theory that most people supported the war, but did not make it a protest
75
Anti-war sentiments
Counterculture grew, protest were widespread in polarized the US, caused by deployment of troops
76
Kent State massacre
National guardsman open fired on student protesters in Ohio killing four
77
Woodstock
Concert with multiple musicians, seeing about social conflict over civil rights in the war
78
John Tinker
Wore black arm, bands to school and protest of the war, ended up being suspended
79
Tinker versus Des Moines
Result of the case was that teachers and students have rights to freedom of speech if it is not a disruption
80
Credibility gap
Americans no longer believe that OBJ was telling the truth about the war
81
What happened in 1968
LBJ said I chose not to run for a second term
82
Who are the candidates of the 1968 election?
Richard Nixon as a republican, Hubert, Humphrey as a democratic, George Wallace as American independent
83
What happened at DNC?
Protest of US intervention in Vietnam, led to a police ride in Chicago
84
What was Nixon’s ideology of the war?
Sought to bring peace and end it
85
Vietnamization
Slow handover of the war to South Vietnam
86
How did Nixon escalate the war?
Order the secret invasion of Cambodia and increased bombing of North Vietnam and Cambodia
87
What did Nixon rely on?
Henry kissinger to achieve peace and/or US withdrawal
88
How was the draft different during Nixon’s presidency
Draft was reformed to eliminate an inequalities, college deferments were taken away
89
What did the 26th amendment do?
Standardize the voting age to 18
90
The Pentagon papers
Exposed by Robert McNarma and was concerning under the Johnson administration about the deception that had led the US into the Vietnam war, Supreme Court allowed us to be published
91
Christmas bombings
Massive bombings over North Vietnam, attempt to bring North Vietnam back to negotiating table
92
Paris peace, treaty, and cease-fire
1973 seas fire, US withdraw from Vietnam, election to determine the fate of the nation, South Vietnam would receive limited US support
93
Paris peace treaty that Henry Kissinger negotiated
US troops would be withdrawn from South Vietnam in 60 days, an immediate cease-fire, all US POW’s in North Vietnam would be released
94
What happened in 1975
The US abandoned it’s embassy in Saigon, renamed Ho Chi Minh City in the newly unified and communist Vietnam
95
War powers act
Requires the president to notify Congress within 48 hours of committing armed forces
96
Roy Benavides
Medal of honor from Texas, save many lives, severely injured, a legacy of helping youth
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