PHYPHARM > COLLIGATIVE PROPERTIES > Flashcards

COLLIGATIVE PROPERTIES Flashcards

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1
Q

solid solute (a particular non volatile solute) dissolved in a volatile solvent

A

COLLIGATIVE PROPERTY

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2
Q

PORPERTIES OF MOLECULES IN A SOLUTION

  • depend on the total contribution of atoms in the molecules or on the sum of the properties of the constituents in a solution
  • mass, molar refraction

ex: molar mass (tinototal kasi siya)

A

ADDITIVE PROPERTIES

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3
Q

PROPERTIES

  • depend on the arrangement and to a lesser extent on the kind of atoms within a molecule
  • optical rotation, refractive index
A

CONSTITUTIVE PROPERTIES

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4
Q

PROPERTIES

  • depend mainly on the number of particles in a solution
  • the property of a particular solution will change depending on the amount of solute present in the solution
A

COLLIGATIVE PROPERTY

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5
Q
  • physical property of a solution that depends mainly on the particles that are present in a solution
  • physical property that varies according to the concentration of the dissolved solute
A

COLLIGATIVE PROPERTIES

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6
Q

4 COLLIGATIVE PROPERTIES

mga nagbabago sa property ng solution kapag nalagyan ng solute

A
  1. Vapor pressure lowering
  2. Boiling point elevation
  3. Freezing point depression
  4. Osmotic pressure exists

Veggie kulang sa supply, Burger sa taas, Fries na malungkot, may Order ma-pressure ka!

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7
Q

ALWAYS REMEMBER !!!!

kapag naglagay ka ng SOLUTE sa solvent, magbabago na ang colligative property nito

nakaapekto na ang solute sa solvent, at naging solution na siya

A

OK SALAMAT

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8
Q

values of colligative properties are the same for different solutes as the same molar concentration

mostly organic substances

same ang value kahit iba iba ang solute basta same ang molar conc.

A

NON-ELECTROLYTES

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9
Q

values of colligative properties depend on the number of ions

considers the **i factor **

A

STRONG ELECTROLYTES

ionic compounds

strong acids, strong bases

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10
Q

values of colligative properties depend on ionization

ionization is partial

A

WEAK ELECTROLYTES

weak acids, weak bases

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11
Q

COLLIGATIVE PROPERTY

the solute should be

A

NONVOLATILE

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12
Q

COLLIGATIVE PROPERTY

the solvent is usually

A

WATER

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13
Q

COLLIGATIVE PROPERTY

the solutions should be in what concentration

A

DILUTE

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14
Q

WATER IS PURE, DOES NOT CONTAIN SOLUTE

VAPOR PRESSURE

A

23.8 mmHg

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15
Q

WATER IS PURE, DOES NOT CONTAIN SOLUTE

BOILING POINT

A

100 C

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16
Q

WATER IS PURE, DOES NOT CONTAIN SOLUTE

FREEZING POINT

A

0 C

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17
Q

WATER IS PURE, DOES NOT CONTAIN SOLUTE

OSMOTIC PRESSURE

A

DOES NOT EXIST

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18
Q

when a ____ is added or is dissolved in water and creates a solution, the properties of water are changed when a solution is formed

A

NONVOLATILE SOLUTE

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19
Q

what is the effect in the vapor pressure of water which is 23.8 mmHg when a nonvolatile solute is added

A

VAPOR PRESSURE LOWERING

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20
Q

the vapor pressure of a solution is ____ than the pure solvent

A

LESS

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21
Q

the escaping tendency of the solvent is explained by

A

RAOULT’S LAW

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22
Q

the vapor pressure of a solution containing a nonvolatile solute is lowered porportional to the relative number

A

RAOULT’S LAW

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23
Q

formula for change in vapor pressure ∆P

A

∆P = P₁º x 0.018 x m

m - molal conc.

P₁º - pressure

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24
Q

formula for new vapor pressure

given yung change in pressure ∆P

A

Psoln = P₀ - ∆P

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25
what is the **effect** in the **boiling point** of water (100C) when a **nonvolatile solute is added**
ELEVATION OF BOILING POINT
26
a **solution (nonvolatile solute + volatile solvent)** will **boil** at a ____ temperature **than** will the **pure solvent**
HIGHER
27
**change** in **boiling point**
∆Tb
28
formula for **change in boiling point** for **NON-ELECTROLYTES**
∆Tb = Kb*m* | Kb = molal elevation constant / ebullioscopic constant m = molal conc.
29
Kb
molal elevation constant / ebullioscopic constant
30
other term for **molal elevation constant**
EBULLIOSCOPIC CONSTANT
31
Kb **unit**
deg Kg / mole
32
# **MOLAL ELEVATION** CONSTANT / **EBULLIOSCOPIC** CONSTANT WATER
0.515
33
# **MOLAL ELEVATION** CONSTANT / **EBULLIOSCOPIC** CONSTANT ACETIC ACID
2.930
34
formula for **change in boiling point** for **ELECTROLYTES**
∆Tb = ***i*** x Kb*m*
35
formula for **new** boiling point | given yung **change** in boiling point **∆Tb**
Tbsoln = ∆T₀ + ∆Tb
36
# ELECTROLYTE OR NON metal + non metal
ELECTROLYTE
37
# ELECTROLYTE OR NON acids (H + metal), bases (metal + OH)
ELECTROLYTE
38
# ELECTROLYTE OR NON non metal + non metal
NON ELECTROLYTES
39
what is the **effect** in the **freezing point** of water which is 0C when a **nonvolatile solute is added**
DEPRESSION OF FREEZING POINT
40
adding **salt** to **pure water** causes it to freeze at a temperature ____ 0C
BELOW
41
adding ____ to pure water **causes** it to freeze at a temperature **below** 0C
SALT
42
**Hinders** the water molecules from **forming ice crystals**
SALT
43
Kf
MOLAL DEPRESSION CONSTANT / CRYOSCOPIC CONSTANT
44
**molal depression constant** is also called as
CRYOSCOPIC CONSTANT
45
MOLAL **DEPRESSION** CONSTANT / **CRYOSCOPIC** CONSTANT
Kf
46
**UNIT:** MOLAL DEPRESSION CONSTANT / CRYOSCOPIC CONSTANT | Kf
deg Kg / mole
47
**Kf** value for **water**
1.86
48
formula for **change** in **freezing point** for **NON-ELECTROLYTES**
∆Tf = Kf*m*
49
formula for **change** in **freezing point** for **ELECTROLYTES**
∆Tf = ***i*** x Tf*m*
50
formula for **new** freezing point | given yung **change** in freezng point **∆Tf**
Tf = ∆T₀ - ∆Tf
51
the **diffusion** of the solvent through a semi-permeable membrane that allows **only the solvent** to **pass through it**
OSMOSIS
52
the **pressure** that **results** from **osmosis**
OSMOTIC PRESSURE
53
the pressure **greater than** that is **above the pure solvent** that **must be applied** to the **solution** to **prevent the passage** of the **solvent** through the semi-permeable membrane
OSMOTIC PRESSURE
54
formulas used for **osmotic pressure**
VAN'T HOFF MORSE
55
VAN'T HOFF EQUATION
π = *n*RT / V
56
MORSE EQUATION
π = RT*m*
57
osmosis always **takes place** in the **direction** that will ____ the **concentration of all components** on **both sides** of the **membrane**
EQUALIZE
58
when an **osmotic pressure** is **equal** on **both sides** of the **membrane**, the system is | dami ng tubig na dumadaan in & out
ISOOSMOTIC
59
# OSMOTIC in **biological fluids** (inside our body), the equilibration is termed | galaw ng solute
ISOTONIC
60
* A solution has the **same solute concentration** as another solution. * There is **no net movement** of water particles, and the **overall concentration** on **both sides** of the cell membrane **remains constant**
ISOTONIC SOLUTION
61
* A solution that has a **higher** solute concentration than another solution * Water particles will **move out** of the cell, causing **crenation (shrink)**
HYPERTONIC SOLUTION
62
* A solution that has a **lower** solute concentration than another solution * Water particles will **move into** cell, causing the cell to **expand** and eventually **pop**
HYPOTONIC | hyPOtok
63
**biological fluids** has a **salt concentration** of
0.9%
64
**freezing point** of **biological fluids** | blood serum & lacrimal fluid
-0.52C
65
# FREEZING POINT ISOTONIC
= 0.52C
66
# FREEZING POINT HYPERTONIC
< -0.52C
67
# FREEZING POINT HYPOTONIC
-0.52C - 0C
PHYPHARM
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