THERMDYNAMICS

Question 1

a region of the universe that we direct attention to

Answer 1

SYSTEM

Question 2

everything outside a system; anything around u can affect u

Answer 2

SURROUNDING

Question 3

separates the system from its surroundings

Answer 3

BOUNDARY

Question 4

• open to its surroundings
• matter itself is being shared with its energy to its surroundings

Answer 4

OPEN SYSTEM

Question 5

matter is not exposed to the surroundings but the energy still moves

Answer 5

CLOSED SYSTEM

Question 6

• no energy shared
• no exposed matter

Answer 6

ISOLATED SYSTEM

Question 7

Energy may transfer in the form of ____ or in the form of ____

Answer 7

HEAT
WORK

Question 8

is the transfer of thermal energy between two bodies that are different temperatures

Answer 8

HEAT

Question 9

transfer of energy as a result of **temperature difference **

Answer 9

HEAT

Question 10

absence of heat

Answer 10

COLD

Question 11

only ____ is transferrable

Answer 11

HEAT

u can’t transfer cold

Question 12

• direct physical transfer
• movement of heat from a body to another with direct contact

Answer 12

CONDUCTION

Question 13

movement of heat through air

Answer 13

CONVECTION

Question 14

movement of heat from the sun to a person/an object

Answer 14

RADIATION

Question 15

is either be done by the system (-) or on the system (+)

Answer 15

WORK

Question 16

a system can ____ work or can be ____ by work

Answer 16

EXERT
AFFECTED

Question 17

states that if two systems are in thermodynamic equilibrium with a third system, the two original systems are in thermal equilibrium with each other

Answer 17

ZERO LAW

Question 18

• states that energy can be converted from one form to another with the interaction of heat, work and internal energy, but it cannot be created nor destroyed, under any circumstances
• “conservation of energy”

Answer 18

FIRST LAW

Question 19

flow of heat is always from a ____ body to a ____ body

Answer 19

HOTTER TO COLDER

Question 20

• entropy will always increase (+)
• about the spontaneity of processes
• states that the state of entropy of the entire universe, as a closed isolated system, will always increase over time
• FREE GAS: ∆G = ∆H - T ∆ S

Answer 20

SECOND LAW

Question 21

∆

Answer 21

delta, change

Question 22

refers to the heat change for a reaction

Answer 22

∆H

Question 23

a measure for the change of a system’s free energy

Answer 23

∆G

Question 24

means that heat is taken from the environment (endothermic)

Answer 24

H+

Question 25

means that heat is **emitted** or **given** to the environment (**exothermic**)

Answer 25

H-

Question 26

the process occurs **spontaneously**

Answer 26

G < 0

Question 27

system at **equilibrium**

Answer 27

G = 0

Question 28

the process is **not spontaneous as written** but **occurs spontaneously** in the **reverse** direction

Answer 28

G > 0

Question 29

* **most uncommon** * states that the entropy of a pure crystalline substance is **zero** at **absoulte temp (0 Kelvin)** * a **pure perfect crystal** has only **one possible configuration** and its **entropy is zero**

Answer 29

THIRD LAW