CPT1: CNS

Question 1

Describe the Nervous system

HInt: think what it is made up of

Answer 1

Question 2

What is the purpose of the thalamus?

Answer 2

Intigration and relay of sensory information to the cerebral cortex

Question 3

What is the purpose of the midbrain

Answer 3

Relays ascending/ descending inerve signals

Question 4

What is the purpose of the Cerebrum

Answer 4

• sets intellegance
• memory
• learning
• sensory perception
• initiation of movement
• reasoning

Question 5

What is the function of the basal nucleus?

Answer 5

Muscle tone and fine coordination of movement

Question 6

What is the function of the hypothalamus

Answer 6

• hormone out put
• autonomic control
• thirst, appetite
• emotion
• sex
• rhyth,

Ashtma

Question 7

What is the function of the PONS?

Answer 7

bridge between both hemispheres of the cortex, relays info from cranial nerves

Question 8

What is the function of the medulla oblongata?

Answer 8

relays sensory info from spinal cord, CVS centre and respiratory

Question 9

What are the 3 components which make up the cortical motor system?

Answer 9

1. Primary motor cortex
2. Pre-motor cortex
3. posterial parietal cortex

Question 10

What is the primary motor cortex responsible for?

Answer 10

Excution of movement

Question 11

What is the pre-motor cortex responsible for?

Answer 11

Movement planning/ sequence

Question 12

What is the posterial parietal motor cortex responsible for?

Answer 12

sensoty guidance of movement

Question 13

Describe the differences in pryamidal and extrapyramidal motor systems

Answer 13

1. Pyramidal controls volunatry movemenets and is faster. It has high speed connections to lower motor neurons which passes to striated muscles
2. Extrapryamidal motor system controls involuntary actions and postual actions. These are slower but just as effective

Question 14

Describe the extrapyramidal and pyramidal motor systems

Answer 14

1. pyramidal - Nerve connection from mortor cortex directly to lower motor neurons. These are passed to spinal cord and brain stem then to striated muscle
2. Extrapyramidal - nerve connections from MC to basal ganglia+ brain stem centres. This is then passed to lower motor neurons then BS and SC and then striated muscle

Question 15

Give examples of CNS neruonal GLIAL cells

Answer 15

• oligodendrocytes
• astrocytes
• microglia
• ependymal

Question 16

What are examples of CNS neuronal vascular cells?

Answer 16

• endothelium
• pericytes
• smooth muscle

Question 17

Describe glutamate up take/ metabolism/ release

Answer 17

1. In astrocyte glutamate converted to glutamine by glutamine synthase
2. Glutamine trasnported by glutamine trasporter to neuron
3. in neuron glutaminase metabolises it to glutamat which is packaged into vesicles and released into the synapses

Question 18

What are potiental drug targets in the CNS?

Answer 18

• Receptors
• Transmitter release
• Transmitter synthesis
• Transmitter re-uptake ( transporters)
• Glial cell function
• Blood flow