cytoskeleton chart

Question 1

realtive sizes of

Answer 1

smallest to largest: actin (microfilament), intermediate filament, microtubule

Question 2

subunits

Answer 2

microfilament: actin
intermediate filament: lamins, keratin, neurofilament, vimentin, desmin, GFAP
microtubule: tubulin

Question 3

polarized

Answer 3

they all are

Question 4

nucleotide bond

Answer 4

microfilament: ATP
intermediate filament: none
microtubule: GTP

Question 5

accessory proteins of MT

Answer 5

MAPs and Tau

Question 6

hyperstable structures

Answer 6

• microfilament: sarcomere and microvili
• intermediate filament: desmosomes
• microtubule: cilia, flagella, and centrioles

Question 7

motors

Answer 7

microfilament: myosin

- MT: kynesins and dyneins

Question 8

functions

Answer 8

• microfilament: phagocytosis, cytokinesis, cell motility, force generation, membrane stabilization
• intermediate filament: mechanical integrity
• MT: cilia, flagella, mitotic spindle, organelle/cargo transport

Question 9

drugs that effect MTs

Answer 9

taxol and vinca alkaloids (colchicine and vinblastine)

Question 10

medical significance

Answer 10

microfilament: hereditary spherocytosis, listeria infections, vaccinia
- intermediate filament: laminopathies, blistering diseae, cancer diagnosis
- MT: kartageners (immotile cilia syndrome), cancer chemotherapy, dementias (tau-opathy)

Question 11

vaccina and listeriosis

Answer 11

• vaccina is a virus and listeria is a bacterium
• both of which produce actin filaments in the cells which they infect
• these filaments protrude from the cell, getting stuck in other cells, allowing for the pathogens to infect neighboring cells