MATELED > D665 Terms > Flashcards

D665 Terms Flashcards

(78 cards)

Study These Flashcards
1
Q

neuroscience

A

study of brain and nervous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

study of brain and nervous system

A

neuroscience

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

cognition

A

how people get, use and store information

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

neurons

A

tiny cells in the brain that form a network

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

neurodevelopment

A

brain and nervous system development in acquiring knowledge and skills

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

brain stem

A

regulation of essential body (physiological) functions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

limbic system

A

emotional control center

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

cerebellum

A

back of brain; voluntary muscle movements, balance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

cerebrum

A

front of brain; thinking, reasoning, problem solving, new skills, senses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

prefrontal cortex

A

decision-making, impulse control, emotional regulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

encoding

A

initial processing of information; converting it for use and storage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

storage

A

retaining encoded information

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

retrieval

A

accessing information

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

metacognition

A

understanding of individual thinking processes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

spacing or distributed practice

A

leaving time between learning sessions; this leads to better learning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

interleaving

A

mixing different but related topics in a single learning session

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

executive function

A

processes that allow goal directed behavior (plan, focused attention, remembering instructions)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

cramming

A

studying intensively in a short period of time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

multi-tasking

A

performing multiple tasks simultaneously

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

hippocampus

A

part of limbic system involved in memory (short to long term), learning and emotion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

neurodiversity

A

recognizes diversity in neural function and cognitive styles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

neuroplasticity

A

the brain’s ability to learn throughout our lives

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

cognitive style

A

individual way to best get, use, and store information

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

tabula rasa

A

idea that the mind is empty at birth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
growth mindset
a person believes in the power of effort and resilience
26
fixed mindset
a person sees abilities as unchangeable
27
differentiated instruction
every student is unique and teaching is tailored to needs, interests and readiness
28
multi-sensory learning
engages different senses to deepen learning
29
SEL
equips students with skills and competencies to navigate life's challenges
30
information processing theory
part of cognitivism; how information is processed, stored and retrieved (parallels computers)
31
embodied mind perspective
connection between the body, mind and environment
32
humanism
nurturing students' overall well-being, self-esteem and belonging
33
student's overall well-being, self-esteem and belonging
humanism
34
myth of normal
there is one standard way for everyone to act, think and learn
35
cognitive rigidity
lack of flexibility in one's thinking processes
36
trust vs. mistrust
Birth-12 months; Erikson; Provide love, care food; Need comfort and safety
37
autonomy vs shame/doubt
Age 1-3; Erikson; Me do; Independence
38
Initative vs. guilt
Age 3-6; Erikson; Explore; Ask questions
39
Industry vs. inferiority
Age 6-12; Erikson; Intellectual curiosity; need positive praise; avoid criticism
40
Identity vs. Role Confusion
Age 12-19; Erikson; Sense of self; influenced by others; peers more important that parents
41
Sensorimotor
Birth-2; Piaget; Learn through movement and senses; object permanence
42
Preoperational
Age 2-7; Piaget; Prelogical thought; play and pretend; symbolic thinking; language; centration
43
Concrete Operational
Age 7-11; Piaget; Factual and logical; hands-on experiences; classifying
44
Formal Operational
Age 12+; Piaget; Higher-order thinking and reasoning; abstract, critical, predict, problem solving
45
Piaget
Cognitive Development Theory - how thinking changes over time
46
Erikson
Psychological Development Theory - how social interactions shape personality and identity
47
object permanence
an object exists, even if it isn't visible
48
scaffolding
a teacher breaks down complex concepts into small manageable steps
49
conservation
understanding that properitites of objects remain constant even when their appearance changes
50
reversability
mentally undo actions or operations
51
behaviorism
Skinner & Hunter;observable behaviors and reinforcement and punishment processes; structure; best with task-based learning
52
constructivism
Piaget & Vygotsky; learning through hands-on experiences; learner is in control of their own learning (Montessori schools)
53
cognitivism
Bandura; learning theory; focuses on the mental processes involved in learning
54
social constructivism
Children learn through peer interactions and observational learning
55
learning theories
how individuals aquire knowedge, skills, and change behavior over time (behaviorism, constructivism, cognitivism, social constructivism)
56
classical conditioning
making connections; stimuli leads to learned responses; part of behaviorism
57
operant conditioning
how behaviors are strengthened or weakened through consequences (positive or negative)
58
mental schemas
frameworks helping students organize and interpret information
59
Bloom's Taxonomy
educational objectives into six levels of cognitive complexity: remembering, understanding, applying, analyzing, evaluating, and creating
60
applying, analyzing
third and fourth levels of Bloom's Taxonomy
61
evaluating, creating
last two levels of Bloom's Taxonomy
62
remembering and understanding
first two levels of cognitive complexity in Bloom's Taxonomy
63
Cognitive Development Theory
how children's thinking/learning change over time learn through their interactions with their environment (Piaget) Thinking/learning change through social and cultural factors (Vygotsky)
64
Zone of Proximal Development
gap between what a learner can do independently and what they can achieve with guidance
65
More Knowledgeable Other
teacher who provides support within the ZPD
66
Instructional Design
Lesson plans include various types of theories
67
self-directed learning
taking control of learning, setting goals, solving problems independently
68
discovery learning
exploring and independently resolving challenges to discover new ideas and concepts
69
Birth-1
Trust vs. Mistrust (Provide love, care & food)
70
Age 1-3
Autonomy vs. Shame (Learning self-care)
71
Age 3-6
Initatitive vs. Guilt (play, exploration, ask 'why')
72
Age 6-12
Industry vs. Inferiority (skill building, peer comparison)
73
Age 12-19
Identity vs. Role Confusion (Sense of self, peers more important than parents)
74
Birth-2
Sensorimotor (learn through movement and senses, object permanence)
75
Age 2-7
Preoperational (prelogical thought - play, pretend, egocentrism)
76
Age 7-11
Concrete Operational (Need hands-on experiences, classifying, conservation)
77
Age 12+
Formal Operational (Abstract thinking, critical thinking)
78
how people get, use and store information
cognition
MATELED
flashcards
Decks in class (4)
# Cards
Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2026 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions