Dentistry 3

Question 1

What are complicated tooth fractures?

Answer 1

fractures that result in pulp exposure

Question 2

what are uncomplicated tooth fractures>

Answer 2

no pulp exposure

Question 3

What are signs of a non-vital tooth

Answer 3

discolouration, pulp exposure, periapical lysis, apical lysis, wide pulp cavity

Question 4

What are three treatments for fractures

Answer 4

vital pulp therapy
root canal therapy
extraction

Question 5

what is vital pulp therapy?

Answer 5

partial removal of the coronal pulp tissue with a protective dressing

Question 6

what are indications for vital pulp therapy

Answer 6

immature teeth (under 18 mo)
Ideally within 48 hours of fracture
following crown reduction for malocclusions

Question 7

What is root canal therapy

Answer 7

complete removal of pulp, sterilization, and replacement of the pulp with inert material, restoration of the tooth +/- crown

Question 8

What are the indications for extraction AS A FRACTURE TREATMENT ?

Answer 8

the owner will not refer for a root canal

Periodontal disease

+/- crown-root fractures (predisposed to periodontal disease)

Question 9

What are the two types of extractions?

Answer 9

Closed (simple) -> no surgical flaps or removal of bone

Open (surgical) -> removal of the tooth by creating a mucoperiosteal flap and removing bone to expose the roots

Question 10

What type of teeth are usually removed via closed extraction

Answer 10

single-rooted teeth, or advanced periodontal disease teeth

Question 11

What type of teeth are typically extracted via open extraction

Answer 11

multi-rooted teeth and canines

Question 12

What are some complications of extractions

Answer 12

tooth fractures
jaw fractures
oronasal fistulas
eye injuries
tongue injuries

Question 13

What are the three inflammatory dental conditions?

Answer 13

Feline Chronic GIngivostomatitis (FCGS)
Canine Chronic Ulcerative Stomatitis
Eosinophilic Stomatitis

Question 14

what is Feline chronic gingivostomatitis (FCGS)

Answer 14

Chronic inflammation that crosses mucogingival junction.

Question 15

what causes FCGs?

Answer 15

Cause is unknown, but it is am inappropriate immune response, maybe related to viral infections (feline calicivirus especially)

Question 16

FCG: treatment

Answer 16

pain management, partial or total extraction of premolars and molars, immunosuppressants

Question 17

What is canine chronic ulcerative stomatitis?

Answer 17

inflammation of the mucosa in contact with plaque and calculus. Also known as “kissing lesions”

Question 18

treatment for canine chronic ulcerative stomatitis

Answer 18

pain control
plaque control

Question 19

What is eosinophilic stomatitis?

Answer 19

raised, ulcerative lesions commonly found on the palate and pharynx. Cause unknown

Question 20

What is required to confirm eosinophilic stomatitis?

Answer 20

clinical findings and histopathology

Question 21

How do you treat eosinophilic stomatitis?

Answer 21

immunosuppressants (corticosteroids, cyclosporin)

Question 22

What breed of dog is predisposed to gingival hyperplasia

Answer 22

boxers

Question 23

what is gingival hyperplasia

Answer 23

non-neoplastic overgrowth of the gingiva tissue, often associated with chronic inflammatiion and drug therapy (cyclosporin)

Question 24

How to treat gingival hyperplasia

Answer 24

gingivectomy
periodontal dz management
stop medication if cause (not always possible)

Question 25

What are the two odontogenic tumors in small animal

Answer 25

Canine Acanthomatous ameloblastoma Peripheral odontogenic fibroma

Question 26

what are three non-odontogenic oral masses

Answer 26

melanoma squamous cell carcinoma fibrosarcoma

Question 27

What is a peripheral odontogenic fibroma (FOP)

Answer 27

a benign odontogenic tumor arising from the periodontal ligament

Question 28

what are the clinical signs of peripheral odontogenic fibroma

Answer 28

gingival enlargement, firm nonulcerated mass. can cause tooth displacement

Question 29

tx for peripheral odontogenic fibroma

Answer 29

surgical excision of the tumor and associated teeth

Question 30

what is canine acanthomatous ameloblastoma

Answer 30

a benign, proliferative irregular gingival mass arising from the epithelial cells involved in tooth development

Question 31

T/F canine acanthomatous ameloblastoma is locally aggressive, but does not metastasize

Answer 31

true

Question 32

tx for canine acanthomatous ameloblastoma

Answer 32

surgical excision or radiaton/chemotherapy

Question 33

Is oral melanoma more common in dogs or cats

Answer 33

dogs

Question 34

what are three characteristics of oral melanoma

Answer 34

highly aggressive and locally invasive high metastatic potential high recurrence rate

Question 35

T/F oral melanoma presents as a pigmented mass

Answer 35

false. it can be pigmented or unpigmented

Question 36

what kind of margins do you need when excising oral melanoma

Answer 36

super wide - may require mandibulectomy or maxillectomy

Question 37

is oral squamous cell carcinoma more common in dogs or cats

Answer 37

cats

Question 38

where is metastasis risk of oral squamous cell carcinoma higher?

Answer 38

caudally located tumours

Question 39

Prognosis for oral squamous cell carcinoma is better in which species?

Answer 39

dogs over cats

Question 40

Which oral tumour is considered "low high" and what does this mean?

Answer 40

oral fibrosarcoma. Often appears low grade but is biologically high grade

Question 41

What does oral fibrosarcoma look like?

Answer 41

flat, firm, ulcerated, multilobulated, and firmly attached

Question 42

Which breed of dog is predisposed to oral fibrosarcoma

Answer 42

golden retrievers

Question 43

What breeds are predisposed to oral melanoma

Answer 43

cocker spaniels, poodles, daschunds