1
Q
Mc malignancy associated with acanthosis
A
Gastro adenocarcinoma
2
Q
Drugs for acanthosis nigricans
A
Topical retinoids
3
Q
Mild to mod acne mx
A
12weeks
Topical tretinoin+ topical clinda
Topical adapalene+ topical benzoyl peroxide
Topical benzoyl+topical clinda
Topical benzoyl monotherapy
4
Q
Mod to severe acne mx
A
Topical adapalene+bp
Topical tretinoin+ clinda
Topical adapalene+bp+ oral lemecyclinr or doxycycline
Topical azelaic acid+ oral lemecyclinr or doxycycline
5
Q
Erythromycin in pregnancy
A
Safe
6
Q
Treatment for gram negative folliculitis
A
Oral trimethoprim high dose
7
Q
Duration of treatment for dianette
A
Co cyprindiol
Increased risk of dvt
3 months
8
Q
Mod to sever acne when should be referred
A
Not responding to previous treatment that included oral antibiotics
9
Q
Treatment actinic keratosis
A
Sun avoid
Fluorouracil cream 2-3week +?topical hydrocort
Topical diclo
Topical imiquimod
Cryo
Currettage cautery
10
Q
Topical diclo used in
A
Ak
11
Q
Lichen planus cause what type of alopecia
A
Scarring
12
Q
Drugs causing alopecia
A
Cytotoxic carbimazole
HEPARIN COCP
colchicine
13
Q
Which mineral deficiency can cause alopecia
A
Iron
Zinc
14
Q
Exclamation mark hairs
A
Alopecia areata
15
Q
Treatment of alopecia ateata
A
Assurance
Topical corticosteroid/ minoxidil
Phototherapy immunotherapy
Dithranol
Wigs
16
Q
Most common type of cancer in western world
A
Bcc
17
Q
Most common type of bcc
A
Nodular
18
Q
Topical imiquimod and fu used in
A
Ak bcc
19
Q
Referral for bcc
A
Routine
20
Q
Pathology of bullous pemphigoid
A
Anti bodies against hemidesmosomal protein bp180 230
21
Q
Itchy tense blisters typical around flexures
A
Bullous pemphigoid
22
Q
Stereotypical differentiating feature btw pemphigoid and pemphigus
A
No mucosal involvement in bp
23
Q
Biposy in bp
A
Immunoflourescence showing igG and C3 qt dermoepidermal jn
24
Q
Management of bp
A
Referral to derm for biopsy
Oral corticosteroid main
Topical cort, immunosuppressants, antibiotics
25
Most accurate method for assessment of burns extend
Lund and browder chart
26
Tbsa to be referred
Superficial dermal burns of more than 3% in adults ,2% in children
27
Which superficial dermal burns should be referred
Tbsa 3%adults 2%children
Face , hands, feet ,perineum genitals, flexures
Circumferential burns
28
Iv fluids for children burns
10%tbsa (adults 15%
Parkland
29
Parkland formula
Tbsa *weight in kg *4
Half vol in 8hrs
30
Curlings ulcer
Stress peptic ulcer that can occur in sever burbs
31
4 major patho involved in burns
Hemolysis
Loss of capillary membrane integrity
Extravasation of fluids
Protein loss
32
Which secondary infection common in burns
Staph aureus
33
Cnh benign or premalignant
Benign
34
Most common form of psoriasis
Chronic plaque
35
Cement allergic or irritant
Both
Alkaline irritant
Dichromates allergic
36
Derm disorder associated with coeliac
Dermatitis herpetiformis
37
Iga in dermis
Dermatitis herpetiformis
38
Dermatitis herpetiformis lesions
Itchy vesicular on extrnsor surface
39
Management of dermatitis herpetiformis
Gluten free diet
Dapsone
40
Overlying skin dimples on pinching
Dermatofibroma or histiocytoma
41
Eczema herpeticum can occur in a backgroud of
Atopic eczema
42
Treatment of eczema herpeticum
Iv aciclovir
43
Moderate topical steroid
Betamethasonr 0.025%
Clobetasone butyrate 0.05%
44
Potent corticosteroid
Fluticasone propionate 0.05%
Betamethasonr valerate 0.1%
45
O.o5% steroid
Cb -mild
Fp- potent
Cp- very potent
46
Face and neck ftu
2.5
47
Limbs ftu
Arm0+hand 4
Foot+leg 8
48
Foot ftu
2
49
Both arms steroid eczema quantity
Both legs
Trunk
Rest
30-60
100
100
15-30
50
Erythema ab igne may progress to
Sq cell ca
51
Target lesions
Erythem multiforme
52
Most common cause of erythema multiforme
Hsv
53
Drhgs causing erythema multiforme
Penicillin sulphonamides carbamazepine allopurinol
nsaids cocp
54
Causes of erythema multiforme
Virus bacteria
Idiopathic
Drugs
Connective tissue disease sarcoidosis malignancy
55
Causes of erythema nodosum
Strep tb brucella
Sarco ibd behcets
Malignancy pregnancy
Penicillin sulphonamides cocp
56
Treatment for erythema nodosum
Resolves within 6weeks
57
Mcc of inychomycosis
Dermatophytes trichophyton rubrum
58
Limited involvement onychomycosis
Treatment
Less than or equal 50% nail or less than or equal to 2 nails
Topical amorolfine 5%
6months finger 9-12months toes
59
Extensive involvement onychomycosis treatment
Dermatophytes - oral terbenafine
6wk-3m finger
3m-6m toes
Candida- oral itraconazol pulsed weekly
60
Guttate psoriasis may be precipitated by
Streptococcus infection 2-4weeks prior
More in children and adolescents
61
Mx of guttate psoriasis
Resolves spontaneous within 2-3m
Topical psoriatic agents
Uvb phototherapy
Tonsillectomy?
62
Fir tree appearance
Pityriasis rosea
63
Osler weber rendu syndrome
Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia
64
Hht genetics
Ad
65
Diagnostic criteria for hht
1. Epistaxia
2. telangiectasia
3. Visceral telangiectasia or avm
4. Frst degree relative
2-possible diagnosis
3ormore- definite diagnosis
66
Hirsutism vs hypertrichosis
Hirsutism androgen dependant
67
Mcc of hirsutism
Pcos
68
Drugs causing hirsutism
Phenytoin corticosteroid
69
Assessment of hirsutism
Ferriman gallwey scoring system
>15 mod to severe
70
Treatment hirsutism
Wt loss cosmetics
Cocp (dianette or yasmin or ee)
Topical eflornithine for facial hirsutism
71
Yasmin
Drosperinone
72
Eflornithine
Facial hirsutism
Contraindicated in preg, breast feeding
73
Drigs causing hypertrichosis
Minoxidil cyclosporine diazoxide
74
Non drug causes of hypertrichosis
Congenital
Porphyria
Anorexia nervosa
75
Surgery for hyperhidrosis
Endoscopic transthoracic sympathectomy
76
First line for hyperhidrosis
Topical aluminium chloride
77
Axillary hyperhidrosis
Topical aluminium chloride
Iontophoresis (also for palmoplantar
Botulinum toxin
78
Impetigo causative org
Staph aureus
Strep pyogenes
79
Impetigo incubation period
4-10days
80
Treatment of limited mild impetigo
hydrogen peroxide 1%
Topical fusidic
Topical mupirocin (if msra
81
Treatment of extensive impetigo
Oral flucloxacillin
If penicillin alleegic, erythromycin
82
School exclusion for impetigo
Until lesions are crusted and healed, or 48h after antibiotics
83
Most common site fir keloid
Sternum
84
Treatment keloid
Intralesional triamcinolone
Surgery
85
Keratoacanthoma benigb or malignant
Benign epithelial
86
Volcano or crater appearance
Keratoacanthoma
87
Treatment keratoacanthoma
Resolves within 3 months
Excise to avoid confusion?
88
Kobner phenomenon seen in
Psoriasis Vitiligo warts
Lichen planus sclerosis molluscum
89
Leokoplakia benign or malignant
Premalignant to sq cell ca
90
Polygonal pruritic rashes
Lichen planus
91
Wickhams striae
Lichen planus
92
Lichenoid drug eruptions
gold
quinine
thiazides
93
Treatment of lichen planus
Potent topical steroids
If extensive oral steroidsor immunosuppressants
If oral , benzydamine mouth wash
94
Benzydamine
Mouth wash oral lichen planus
95
Itchy white spots on vulva
Lichen sclerosis
96
Lichen sclerosis benigb or malignant
Increases risk of vulval ca
97
Treatment lichen sclerosis
Very potent steroids, emollients
98
Male equivalent of lichen sclerosis
Bxo
99
Mx of bxo
Potent topical corticosteroid circumcision
100
Causes of livedo reticularis
idiopathic (most common)
polyarteritis nodosa
systemic lupus erythematosus
cryoglobulinaemia
antiphospholipid syndrome
Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome
homocystinuria
101
Hutchinsons sign
Subungual pigmentation
Acral lentiginous mm
102
Minir diagnostic criteria mm
Diameter 7
Inflammation
Oozing
Altered sensation
103
Breslow thickness excision
0-1 mm 1cm
1-2 mm 1-2cm
2-4mm 2-3cm
More than 4 mm 3cm
104
Most common malignant melanoma
Superficial spreading
105
Single most important prognostic factor in malignant melanoma
Breslow thickness
0.75 95-100%
0.75-1.5 80-96%
1.5-4 60-75%
4 50%
106
Milia age group
Any
More common newborn
107
Molluscum can appear anywhere excpt
Palms and soles
108
Mx of molluscum
Self limit 18m
Trauma or cryotherapy
Emollients, topical corticosteroid if itching
Topical antibiotics if infected
109
School exclusion molluscum contagiosum
Not needed
110
cutaneous t cell lymphoma
Mycosis fungoides
111
Mycosis fungoides differentials
Eczema
Psoriasis
112
3 d's
Pellagra niacin def
Dermatitis diarrhea dementia
113
Pellagra causes
Isoniazid therapy
More common in alcoholics
114
Casals necklace
Pellagra
115
Pemphigus vulgaris pathophysiology
Against desmoglein 3 , a cadherin type epithelial cell adhesion molecule
116
Ashkenazi jew
Pv
117
Pemphigus vulgaris treatment
Steroids first line
Immunosuppressants
118
Piryrisis rosea causative
Hhv7
119
Prodrome in pytriasis rosea
Viral (minority
120
Treatment pytriasis rosea
Self limits in 6-12 weeks
121
Pityriasis versicplor causative
Malass ezia furfur
122
Pytriasis versicolor failure to respond to topical
Send scrapings , consider alt
Oral itraconazol
123
Pompholyx aka
Dishydrotic eczema
124
Pompholyx treatment
Cool compress
Emillients
Topical steroids
125
Unilateral vascular birthmarks
Port wine stains
126
Treatment of portwine stains
Cosmetics camouflage or laser
127
Post cricoid webs
Iron def anemia
128
Pruritis after warm bath
Polycythemia
129
5 main causes of pruritus
Cld ckd
Ida polycythemia
Lymphoma
130
Skin disorders causing pruritis
Eczema scabies
Psoriasis piteiasis rosea
131
Psoriasis genetics
Hla b13 b17 cw6
132
Psoriasis immunology
Abnormal t cell activity - keratinocyte proliferation - il17(th17)
Environmental
133
Subtypes psoriasis
Plaque flexural guttate pustular
134
Pustular psoriasis common site
Palms soles
135
Nail signs in psoriasis
Pitting onycholysis subungual hyperkeratosis loss of nail
Associated with arthropathy
136
Psoriatic pts have increased incidence of
Cvd , vte, met syndrome
137
Non drug exacerbating factors of psoriasis
Trauma alcohol withdrawal of systemic steroids
138
Drugs exacerbating psoriasis
Bb acei
Nsaids lithium
antimalarial infliximab
139
First line for plaque psoriasis
Potent steroid od + vit d analogue od separately
4 weeeks
140
Second line for plaque psoriasis
If no improvement after 8 weeks
Vit d analogue bd
141
Third line plaque psoriasis
If no improvement after 8-12w
Potent steroid bd - 4 weeks
Coal tar od or bd
Short acting dithranol
142
Phototherapy in sec care for psoriasis
Uvb nartow band
Puva (psoralen
143
Which ca can be an adverse effect of phototherapy
Sq cell
144
Systemic therapy for psoriasis in secondary care
Oral mtx frst line
Ciclosporin
Retinoids
Biological agents...
Ustekinumab new
145
Mx of scalp psoriasis
Potent topical steroids od 4wks
If no improvement, diff formulation or scale remover before application (salicylic acid
146
Mx of face flexural or genital psoriasis
Mild/moderate potency steroid 2wks
147
Potent and very potent steroids duration
8wks at a time
4wks
148
Max weekly amount for vit d analogues
100g
149
Drugs causing purpura
Quinine anti epileptic antithrombotic
150
Nutritional deficiencies causing purpura
B12 , c ,folate
151
Causes of purpura children
Meningococcal
All
Congenital
Itp hsp
Nai
152
Pathergy seen in
Pyoderma gangrenosum Bechet's
153
Pyoderma gangrenosum pathophysiology
Neutrophilic dermatosis
154
Pyoderma gangrenosum associated with
Ibd ra sle pbc
Myeloproliferative ,lymphoma, leukemia, monoclonal gammopathy
Granulomatosis polyangitis
155
Treatment for pyoderma gangrenosum
Oral steroids
Immunosuppressants
156
Raised red beown lesions in pregnancy which may bleed or ulcerate
Pyogenic granuloma
157
Causes of pyogenic granuloma
Trauma pregnancy
158
Pregnancy pyogenic granuloma mx
Resolves postpartum
159
Contraception diring retinoids
1 user independent or 2 user dependent methods
1 month before- 1month after
160
Isotretinoin may raise
Triglycerides
Ich
161
Isotretinoin+ tetracycline
Do not combine
Ich
162
Rhinophyma seen in
Rosacea
REFER
163
Brominidinr
Topical gel for rosacea flushing
Alpha agonist
164
Treatment for mild to mod rosasea (papules pustules
Topical ivermectin
Alt: top metro top azelaic
165
Mod to severe papules or pustules in rosacea
Top ivermectin+oral doxy
166
Scabies which layer
Stratum corneum
167
Pruritis in scabies is due to
Type4 hypersensitivity
After 30days
Persists upto 4-6weeks post eradication
168
Firs line for scabies
Permetgrin 5% 8-12h
Second line malathion 0.5% 24h
Rpt treatment 7days after
169
Crusted scabies mx
In immunosuppressed ppl
Ivermectin
Aka norwegian
170
Sebaceous cysts include both
Epidermal and pilar
171
Seborrheic dermatitis caused by
Malassezia furfr
172
Conditions associated with seborrheic dermatitis
Hiv parkinson
173
Dandruff mx
Keto2%
Zinc pyrithion tar
Se sulphide topical steroid
174
Laser trelat sign
Sudden onset of multiple seborrheic keratosis
Underlying malignancy
175
Shin lesions
Erythema nodosum
Pyoderma gangrenosum
Pretibial myxoedema
Necrobiosis lipoidic diabeticprum
176
Necrobiosis lipoidic diabeticprum
Shiny painless area of yellow /red skin on shin of diabetics
Often with telangiectasia
177
Most commonly affected dermatomes in shingles
T1-l2
178
Shingles infectious period
Until vesicles crust over
5-7days from onset
179
Frst line analgesics for shingles
Pmol nsaids
180
Shingles
Acyclovir within
Steroids in
72hrs unless<50yrs with muld truncal rash
2 weeks
181
Infections in dm
Candidiasis
Staph
182
Skin disorders associated with dm
Necrobiosis
Vitiligo
Lipoatrophy
Granuloma annulare
183
Granuloma annulare
Papular , depressed centrally
Dm
184
Most common skin disorder in pregnancy
Atopic eruption
185
Polymorphic eruption
Last trimester
Emollients steroids
186
Pemphigoid gestationis time nd site
2nd 3rd trimester, mostly multipara
Peri umbilical
187
Treatment of pemphigus gestationis
Oral steroids
188
Fitzpatrick classification
6 skin types
1-anne
189
Spider naevi vs telangiectasia
Sn fill from centre
Tela fill from edge
190
Spide naevi associated with
Cld preg COCP
191
Lesions causing risk of sq cell ca
Ak
Bowens
Marjolins ulcers
192
Most common malignancy secondary to immunosuppresoon in renal transplant pts
Sq cell ca
193
Good prognosis for sq cell
Less than 20mm diametr n 2mm depth
No associated diseases
Well differentiated
194
Margin for excision in sq cell ca
<20mm 4
>20mm 6
195
Causes of stevens johnsons syndrome
Penicillin sulphonamides
Lamotrigine carbamazepine phenytoin
NSAIDS COCP
Allopurinol
196
Rashes in sjs
Maculopapular with target lesions may dev into vesicles or bullae
197
Strawberry naevi
First month of life
Increase in size upto 6-9m
Resolved before 10yrs
198
Treatment for strawberry naevus
If required
Propranolol
Topical bb like tomolol
199
Tinea causes what type of alopecia
Scarring
200
Most common cause of tinea in uk
Trichophyton tonsurans
201
Green fluorescence under woods lamp
Microsporum canis
202
Mx of tinea capitis
Oral terbenafine for trichophyton
Oral griseofulvin for microsporum
Topical ketoconazole
203
Tinea corporis cause nd tx
T. Rubrum, verrucosum
Oral fluconazole
204
Drugs known to cause ten
Penicillin sulphonamides carbamazepine phenytoin
NSAIDS
Allopurinol
205
Frst line ten
Iv ig
Immunosuppressants
Plasmapheresis
206
Urticaria mx after acute episode
Continue non sedating antihistamine upto 6weeks???
207
Resistant urticaria
Prednisolone
208
Common site for venous ulcer
Above medial malleolus
209
Abpi above 1.3
Arterial calcification?
210
Only treatment for venous ulcer
Compression bandaging
Oral pemtoxifylline for healing
211
Vitiligo mx
Topical corticosteroid early
Topical tacrolimus, phototherapy
212
Perianal red crusted lesions
Acrodermatitis
213
Zinc deficiency
Acrodermatitis alopecia
Short, hypogonad
Hepatosplenomegaly
Geophagia cognitive impaired
214
Geophagia seen in
Zinc deficiency
215
Small area versicolor
Topical clotrimoxazole
216
Kerion
Boggy pus filled tinea
Refer urgently
217
Coral red floluorescence under woods lamp
Erythrasma cornybacterium minutissimum
Topical mico or clotri for localised
218
Hhv 7
Pityriasis rosea
219
Porphyria cutanea tarda associated with
Alcohol hepatitis estrogen therapy hemochromatosis
220
Pct deficiency of
Uroporphyrinigen decarboxylase
221
Photosensitive blieters on background of alcoholism
Pct
222
Mx of pct
Venesection if ferritin raised
223
Safe for compression therapy abpi
More than .8
224
Hartnup disease
Congenital
Defective tryptophan absorption
Secondary niacin deficiency
Childhood
225
Solsr lentigo
Benign well circumscribed hyperpigmentation, sun exposed
226
Central hyperkeratotic plug rapid growth
Keratoacanthoma
227
Most common cause of target lesions
Hsv
228
Extensive erythrasma treatment
Oral erythromycin
229
Cigarette paper skin
Atrophic
Lichen sclerosis
230
Acute paronychia causative
Staph aureus
231
Acute paronychia treatment
Minor topical fusidic
Extensive oral flucloxacillin
I nd if pus
232
Scalp psoriasis mx
Potent steroid od 4 wks
Or vit d analogue
Or coal tar shampoo
If resistant, steroid+vit d
233
Acral lentiginous melanoma mostly affects
Palms soles nail beds
234
Xeroderma pigmentosum more common in
Japanese
235
Slowly growing pigmented macule with irregular borders
Lentigo maligna
236
Mmr exclusion critera
Meas 4
Mump 5
Rubella 6
237
Papulopustular rosacea
Topical ivermectin 1% od
238
Moderate to severe rosacea
Topical ivermectin + oral doxy
239
Raised ca and ace levels
Sarcoidosis
240
Scarlet fever
4s sorethroat, strawberry tongue, sandpaper rash, sircumoral pallor
241
Mx of scarlet fever
Phenoxymethypenicillin
242
School exclusion scarlet fever
24h after starting antibiotics
243
Frst line mx for lice
Dimeticone 4%
Wet combing
Malathion
244
Vesicular eczema of hands or feet triggered by sweat
Pompholyx
245
Candidal intertrigo
Skin folds
Satellite pustules
Maculopapular
If smooth shiny surface, consider flexural psoriasis
246
Widespread erythematous pruritic rash
?, erythroderma
247
Erytgrasma treatment
Topical mico or clotri
Po erythromycin
248
Irritant nappy dermatitis mx
Freq nappy changes barrier creams (zno or petroleum jelly
Mild topical steroid od
If candida, top imidazole
249
Morbilliform rash with organ involvement
Drug hypersensitivity syndrome
250
Causes of drug hypersensitivity syndrome
Aed
Allopurinol
251
Coin shaped pruritic plaques
Discoid eczema
252
Monomorphic punched out erosiond crusted papules or vesicles in background of eczema
Eczema herpeticum
253
254
No mucosal involvement
Ssss
255
Hla b58:01 genotype screening
Allopurinol
East asian
256
Maculopapular rash behind ears
Measles
257
Tender scaly or crusty lesions
Scc
258
Pemphigous vulgaris common in which ethnicities
Ashkenazi jews, Mediterranean Indian?
259
Blood filled bullae
Pct
260
Raised scaly rim with central clearing
Ringworm
261
Mx if cpp
Potent steroid od + vit d analog
Vit d analog bd
Potent steroid bd or coal tar
262
Febrile prodrome + widespread target lesions + mucosal involvement
Sjs
263
What are the **diagnostic criteria** for primary focal hyperhidrosis?
Focal, visible, excessive sweating for >6 months and any 2 of
* Bilateral and symmetrical distribution
* Impairment of daily activities
* At least one episode per week
* Age of 25 years or older
* Positive family history
* No sweating during sleep
## Footnote
These criteria help in the diagnosis of primary focal hyperhidrosis.
264
If **Aluminium chloride** is ineffective or distressing, what should be done?
Refer to dermatology
## Footnote
Further options may include treatments like iontophoresis, botulinum toxin injections, anticholinergics, or surgical sympathectomy.
265
Pink maculopapular rash + lymphadenopathy + fades within 3 days
Rubella
266
Causea of hfm disease
Coxsackie a16
Enterovirus 71
267
No hair regrowth alopecia areata
POTENT topical steroid
268
Flexural psoriasis mx
MILD to mod steroid for 2 wks max(skin is thin
269
Irritant vs allergic
Irritant immediate?
270
First line for dishydrotic eczema
Potent or ultrapotent steroids
271
Amorolfine
Topical
Mild distal nail involvement
Onychomychosis
272
Sudden hair growth or virilization
2ww referral
273
Nappy rash if discomfort present
Hydrocortisone 1%
274
Yellow red shin lesion with telangiectasia
Nld
275
Recurrance after warm bath
Parvovirus
276
painless ulcer with a central black eschar
1st Line: Ciprofloxacin or doxycycline
cutaneous anthrax, caused by Bacillus anthracis.
277
For localised non-bullous impetigo and not systemically unwell or at high risk of complications:
Consider offering hydrogen peroxide 1% cream
- If hydrogen peroxide 1% cream is unsuitable, offer topical fusidic acid 2%
- If fusidic acid resistance is suspected or confirmed, offer topical mupirocin 2%
278
coral-red fluorescence under Wood’s lamp
due to porphyrin production.
Erythrasma is a superficial bacterial infection caused by Corynebacterium minutissimum.
MSRA
flashcards
Decks in class (27)
# Cards
-
MEDICINE228
-
Antibiotics31
-
Ent149
-
Psychiatry59
-
Contraception49
-
Gynae95
-
Ortho1
-
Cardio304
-
Resp120
-
Derma278
-
Ophthal180
-
Endocrine322
-
Metabolic58
-
Gastro343
-
Surgery168
-
Infectious Diseases269
-
Hematology242
-
Rheumat + Musculoskeletal497
-
Rheumat + Musculoskeletal 264
-
Pediatrics389
-
Pharma254
-
Psychiatry168
-
Respiratory247
-
Uro101
-
Renal175
-
Obgyn340
-
Neuro269
