Distillation

Question 1

it is a physical separation proces whereby components of a liquid mixture are separated by boiling because of the differences in vapor pressure

Answer 1

distillation

Question 2

in this operation, all components are present in both phases

Answer 2

distillation

Question 3

the vapor phase is created from the liwuid phase by _____________ at boiling point

Answer 3

vaporization

Question 4

what are 3 the goals of distillation

Answer 4

1. purification of liquid compounds
2. determination of boiling point
3. separation of liquid substances from each other of from non-volatile solid compounds

Question 5

3 principle of distillation

Answer 5

1. it is based on the boiling point difference of the components of the mixture at standard conditions
2. the liquid is in equilibrium with the vapor at the boiling point temperature
3. the equilibrium is described by the vapor pressure of the liquid

Question 6

3 types of single-stage distillation

Answer 6

1. equilibrium or flash distillation
2. simple batch or different distillation
3. simple steam distillation

Question 7

this type of distilaltion vaporizes a definite fraction of the liquid so the resulting vapor reaches equilibrium with the residual liquid. The vapor is then separated and condensed

Answer 7

equilibrium or flash distillation

Question 8

this curve shows the relationship between liquid composition x and vapor composition y

Answer 8

equilibrium curve

Question 9

it represents points where vapor composition = liquid composition

Answer 9

45 degree line

Question 10

the slope of this line depends on the vaporized fraction

Answer 10

q-line

Question 11

is used when you want to separate a high-boiling liquid from small amounts of non-volatile impurities because the steam helps vaporize the desired component at a lower temperature, leaving the impurities behind

Answer 11

simple steam distillation

Question 12

Commonly used in the food industry to remove unwanted volatile odors and flavors from edible fats and oils

Answer 12

simple steam distillation

Question 13

f = 0 means?

Answer 13

no vaporization

Question 14

f = 1

Answer 14

complete vaporization