Domestication

Question 1

What is taxonomic classification?

Answer 1

a hierarchical system used to categorize organisms to the species level

Question 2

What are the 4 criteria to determine groupings?

Answer 2

1. physica/skeletal similarities
2. ability to intermate (produce offspring)
3. similarity of chromosomes
4. gene homology (similar nucleotide sequences)

Question 3

What is the order of groups, going from broad to narrow?

Answer 3

kingdom -> phylum -> class -> order -> family -> genus -> species

Question 4

What does ‘canis’ mean?

Answer 4

dog

Question 5

What does ‘lupus’ mean?

Answer 5

wolf

Question 6

What does ‘felis’ mean?

Answer 6

cat

Question 7

What is the ancestor of all carnivores?

Answer 7

miacids

Question 8

What was the first true cat?

Answer 8

proailurus

Question 9

What is the immediate ancestor (progenitor) of the dog that we know today?

Answer 9

tomarctus

Question 10

What does domestication mean?

Answer 10

process of taming an animal in order to increase its utility for humans

Question 11

What was the first species to be domesticated?

Answer 11

dog

Question 12

When did to domestication of dogs begin?

Answer 12

over 15,000 years ago

Question 13

Domestication of the dog was an active process of …

Answer 13

natural and artificial selection

Question 14

What are the characteristics of tameness?

Answer 14

less fearful, decreased flight behavior, increased social behavior/friendliness, tolerant of humans

Question 15

What is the main difference between a dog and a wolf?

Answer 15

genetic makeup

Question 16

What is Williams-Beuren Syndrome in humans?

Answer 16

missing a chunk of DNA, making them very sociable

Question 17

What are the 2 pieces of evidence of domestication?

Answer 17

1. Archeological (bones and cave paintings)
2. Genetic (DNA)

Question 18

From the family of ‘felids’, what are the subfamilies? What are the main differences?

Answer 18

1. Pantherinae (big cats)
2. felinae (small cats)

Question 19

What was the family Felidae bred for?

Answer 19

physical characteristics

Question 20

Which species has a greater variety in eye color?

Answer 20

cats

Question 21

A human and a cat were buried on what Mediterranean island?

Answer 21

cyprus

Question 22

What did they find about the cat buried with the human?

Answer 22

The cat was bigger, so they suggested it had been fed by a human

Question 23

How did cats get on the island?

Answer 23

by boat with humans

Question 24

What species did the Egyptians worship?

Answer 24

cats

Question 25

Which Egyptian goddess worships the cat?

Answer 25

bastet; sun god

Question 26

What color of cats did the Egyptians breed? Why?

Answer 26

orange because of the sun god

Question 27

Beyond the size and color of cats, what did not change in cats as much as it does in dogs?

Answer 27

morphology

Question 28

Which change from domestication is a very fast selection?

Answer 28

behavioral

Question 29

What are the 3 behavioral changes?

Answer 29

1. increase approachability 2. tail wagging 3. full affinity

Question 30

Which change from domestication is a very slow selection?

Answer 30

Morphological

Question 31

What are the 5 morphological changes?

Answer 31

1. floppy ears 2. coat color 3. tail curls and shortens 4. higher carbohydrate diet 5. have a better ability to digest processed diets lower in protein

Question 32

What is another change of domestication that particularly affects cats?

Answer 32

Polyestrous- will cycle many times during breeding seasons