Employment

Question 1

Formal employment

Answer 1

Jobs with regular hours, a weekly wage, pays taxes and have reasonable working conditions.

Question 2

Informal employment

Answer 2

Don’t pay taxes, often unskilled labour and labour intensive, requires little money to set up and offers little to no protection to the worker if they’re sick or fall upon hard times.

Question 3

Remmitance

Answer 3

Money sent to families, friends or saving accounts in foreign countries by the immigrant workforce.

Question 4

Effects of informal employment on children

Answer 4

Time spent in school could be spent earning money, so many children work instead of going to school.

Question 5

Effects of informal employment on people with disabilities

Answer 5

• Absence of state support, disabled people rely on families and communities.
• May generate income by begging.
• They find it harder to adapt to new settings

Question 6

Effects of informal employment on older people

Answer 6

• Retirement belongs to the formal sector.

- There is unlikely to be state pensions.

Question 7

Effects of informal employment on women

Answer 7

• No or very little maternity leave pay.
• Widows or women alone may struggle making money.
• Some countries don’t allow women to work.

Question 8

Elson & Pearson (1981)

Answer 8

Showed how globalisation led to many young women working in factories producing goods for exports.