Endocarditis/pericarditis/RF

Question 1

what is the main cause of fungal endocarditis

Answer 1

Candida >50%

Question 2

most common cause of endocarditis in healthy native valves

Answer 2

staf aureus

Question 3

most common cause of endocarditis in native but previously damaged or abnormal valves

Answer 3

Strep viridins (50-60%)

Question 4

most common cause of endocarditis in IVDU

Answer 4

staf aureus

Question 5

most common cause of endocarditis in prosthetic valves

Answer 5

staph epidermidis

Question 6

what are Aschoff bodies

Answer 6

Aschoff bodies are foci of swollen eosinophilic collagen surrounded by lymphocytic T cells, and they are found in Rheumatic fever

Question 7

causes of serous pericarditis

Answer 7

Serous pericarditis is characteristically produced by noninfectious inflammatory diseases, including rheumatic fever, SLE, and scleroderma, as well as tumors and uremia

Question 8

what is the most common type of pericarditis

Answer 8

Fibrinous and serofibrinous pericarditis are the most frequent types of pericarditis

Question 9

causes of Fibrinous and serofibrinous pericarditis

Answer 9

Common causes include acute MI, postinfarction (Dressler) syndrome (an autoimmune response appearing weeks after an MI), uremia, rheumatic fever, SLE, and trauma.

Question 10

composition of fibrinous and serofibrinous pericarditis

Answer 10

these are composed of serous fluid variably admixed with a fibrinous exudate

Question 11

what causes Purulent or suppurative pericarditis

Answer 11

an active infection caused by microbial invasion of the pericardial space; this can occur through the following:
Direct extension
Seeding from blood
Lymphatic extension
Direct induction

Question 12

features of Fallots tetralogy

Answer 12

VSD
obstruction of the right ventricular outflow tract (subpulmonary stenosis)
an aorta that overrides the VSD
right ventricular hypertrophy.

All of the features arise from anterosuperior displacement of the infundibular septum in the embryological stage of development.