Enzymes

Question 1

biological catalysts — special proteins (and sometimes RNA molecules) that speed up chemical reactions in living organisms without being consumed or permanently changed themselves.

Answer 1

Enzymes

Question 2

3 Properties of an Enzymes:

*ratio of the enzyme - catalyzed rate of a reaction to the uncatalyzed rate.

*speed of chemical reactions.

Answer 2

Catalytic Power / High Catalytic Activity

Question 3

3 Properties of an Enzymes:

“Highly Selective”

Answer 3

Specificity

Question 4

Types of Specificity:

enzyme recognizes and acts only on a particular type of chemical bond, regardless of the molecule.

Answer 4

Bond-Specific (Relative Specificity)

Question 5

Types of Specificity:

enzyme acts on molecules that contain a certain fucntional group

Answer 5

Group-Specific (Structural Specificity)

Question 6

Types of Specificity:

enzyme acts on only one unique substrate

Answer 6

Substrate-Specific (Absolute Specificity)

Question 7

Types of Specificity:

Enzyme distinguished between mirror-image isomers (D - L forms)

Answer 7

Stereospecific (Optical Specificity)

Question 8

Types of Specificity:

enzymes recognizes substrates based on their geometric arrangement

Answer 8

Geometric Specificity

Question 9

Types of Specificity:

Enzyme requires a specific cofactor to function properly

Answer 9

Co-factor Specificity

Question 10

a model of enzyme-substrate interaction stating that an enzyme’s active site has a fixed, rigid shape that is perfectly complementary to a specific substrate, much like a key fits a specific lock

Answer 10

Lock and Key Hypothesis

Question 11

a nodel of how enzymes and substrates interact — it proposes that the enzyme’s active site is flexible, not rigid.

Answer 11

Induce Fit Model

Question 12

3 Properties of an Enzymes:

Ends with “-ase-

Answer 12

Enzyme naming and nomenclature