ESC

Question 1

What are the two types

Answer 1

1. In-vitro fertilisation
   - ESC can be extracted from embryos that have been fertilised in vitro
2. Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer
   - transplant nucleus of alr differentiated adult somatic cell into an unfertilised egg that the nucleus removed
   - inner cell mass of blastocyst is then removed and cultured to generate pluripotent SC

Question 2

3 advantages

Answer 2

1. cell line remains viable for long period of time
2. large no grown in cultures
   - > limitless supply;
   - using given chemical/hormonal signals differentiate into desired tissue
3. ready resources from infertility treatments

Question 3

3 disadvantages

Answer 3

1. ethical issues
   - breaking open an embryo and removing inner cell mass
2. immune system rejection
3. difficult to control which cell types to dy/dx into when injected into body
   - > eg: Parkinson’s disease, tumours