Evidence Based Practice

Question 1

What are the three tenants of Evidence Based Practice?

Answer 1

• Best Scientific Evidence
• Clinical Expertise
• Patient Values

Question 2

What is the Highest Form of Evidence?

Answer 2

Meta Analysis and Systematic Reviews

(Gold Standard of Clinical Information)

Question 3

What is the Lowest for of Evidence?

Answer 3

Case Series/Case Reports

Question 4

What has a better level of evidence? Cohort studies or case control studies?

Answer 4

Cohort Studies

Question 5

What is a Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT)

Answer 5

Determining the efficacy of intervention.

Always have 2 groups

• one group that receives the intervention
• one group that does not receive the intervention. (Control Group)

Question 6

What is a Cohort?

Answer 6

A group of individuals who share a common characteristic.

Question 7

How does randomization help with research?

Answer 7

Helps with controlling bias.

Question 8

What are Cohort Studies?

Answer 8

Observational studies only, with a group of patients with a similar characteristic

Question 9

What is a Case Control Study?

Answer 9

Compares a group of individuals with a condition with a group without the same condition.

Patients with covid vs patients without covid.

Question 10

What is a Cross Sectional Study?

Answer 10

Observational study where the investigator measures the outcome at a single point time.

Question 11

What is a longitudinal study?

Answer 11

Observational study that measures outcomes over a period of time.

Question 12

What is a Retrospective Cohort?

Answer 12

Data collected from the past

Question 13

What is a Prospective Cohort?

Answer 13

Data collected in the future

Question 14

What is Qualitative Research?

Answer 14

Collecting and analyzing non-numerical data

• Subjective
• Emotions
• Perspective

Question 15

What is Quantitative Research?

Answer 15

Collecting and Analyzing Numerical Data?

Question 16

Can a Statistical Analysis be performed on Qualitative Data?

Answer 16

Cannot be performed as these are not numbers

Question 17

What is Nominal Data?

Answer 17

Data: Labelled or classified into categories. (Nominal = Naming)

• used to label variables without quantitative value
• Mutually exclusive data (cannot be blood type A and B is one or the other)

Question 18

Examples of Nominal Data?

Answer 18

• Gender
• Blood Types

Question 19

What is Ordinal?

Answer 19

• Ranking/Order
• No quantifiable difference between ranks

Question 20

Examples of Ordinal Data?

Answer 20

• MMT
• Levels of Assistance
• Joint Laxity Grades

Question 21

Is Nominal and Ordinal Data Parametric or Non-Parametric?

Answer 21

Non-Parametric

(NOn-Parametric)
- N Nominal
- O Ordinal

Question 22

What is Interval?

Answer 22

• The difference between to values is meaningful
• No true zero, can represent values below zero

Question 23

Interval Data Examples?

Answer 23

• Temperature
• IQ

Zero degrees does not mean no temperature.

Question 24

What is Ratio?

Answer 24

• All properties of interval data.
• Has a true zero

RatiO = True 0

Question 25

What is the highest level of measurement?

Answer 25

Ratio

Question 26

Examples of Ratio?

Answer 26

- Height - Money - Age - Weight

Question 27

What is Discrete?

Answer 27

Something you _can count_ - can count the stars

Question 28

What is continuous?

Answer 28

Something you _can measure_ - cannot count liquid, need to measure it

Question 29

What is in parametric data?

Answer 29

- Interval and Ratio