Exotics general

Question 1

Which species are likely to need vit C supplementation

Answer 1

Guineau pigs
Chinchillas

Question 2

What do we need to remember with using EMLA cream to numb ear in rabbits

Answer 2

Takes ~40 mins to work

Question 3

Where is the best site for injection and catheterisation in rabbits

Answer 3

Lateral ear vein

Question 4

Where is the best spot for blood sampling in conscious rabbits

Answer 4

Lateral saphenous

Question 5

Usual spot for blood sampling in guinea pigs/chinchillas

Answer 5

Thoracic vena cava

Question 6

which small fury is a herbivore not omnivore

Answer 6

Degus

Question 7

Whcih species drop their tail easily (small fury)

Answer 7

Degus, gerbils

Question 8

Where to take a blood sample from in rats/degus

Answer 8

Central cranial vena cava

Question 9

Where to blood sample a ferret from

Answer 9

Jugular or saphenous

Question 10

Why do we need to be careful not to squeeze a bird

Answer 10

No diaphragm; pressure will stop them breathing

Question 11

What type of tubes do we use to crop feed birds

Answer 11

Metal with rounded edge to avoid perforation

Question 12

Which jugular is bigger in birds

Answer 12

Right
This is where we blood sample from

Question 13

Why is it important to NOT use rubber syringes in bird blood sampling

Answer 13

Interference with poison testing; which is commonly the reason for blood sampling

Question 14

How much blood is it safe to take in a bird

Answer 14

1% body weight (this is equivalent to about 10% of blood volume)

Question 15

Where do we give fluids to birds in surgery

Answer 15

subcut
IV into brachial vein
Intra-osseus in emergency

Question 16

What anatomical feature makes snakes fragiles

Answer 16

Single occipital condyle

Question 17

Where do we measure to when picking a feeding tube for tortoise

Answer 17

To third scute (NOT LONGER than this)
To reach stomach

Question 18

How much to feed rabbits daily as a % of target BW

Answer 18

2-3%

Question 19

What type of digestion do rabbits do

Answer 19

Hindgut fermentation

Question 20

What should the correct calcium to phosphorus ration be in rabbit feed

Answer 20

between 1.5: 1
and 2:1

Question 21

Issue with feeding too high carbohydrate feed to rabbits

Answer 21

Too much sugar too little fibre
–> Disrupts caecal flora
Causes non-caecotrophy

Get thin faeces and foiled perineum

Question 22

How much vit C do guineau pigs need daily

Answer 22

10-30mg/kg/day or more if unwell, pregnant, lactating etc

Question 23

Are guineau pigs more likely to get renoliths or sludge from incorrect cacium ratios in feed

Answer 23

Renoliths (see sludge more in rabbits)

Question 24

Scurvy (hypovitaminosis C) effects in young vs old guinea pigs

Answer 24

Young: joint swelling/pain
Old: malocclusion of teeth, poor wound healing, immunosuppression

Question 25

What is barbering

Answer 25

Chewing of own fur; seen in guinea pigs due to lack of fibre in diet

Question 26

What is the max amount of fat in a chinchilla diet

Answer 26

3% - can't tolerate much fat or sugar

Question 27

What is different about degu teeth compared with smaller rodents

Answer 27

Degus have constantly growing molars and incisors In small ruminants, incisors and constantly growing while molars only grow while young

Question 28

Which small rodents are true omnivores

Answer 28

Rats and mice

Question 29

What are the two essential amino acids to feed birds

Answer 29

Lysine and methonine

Question 30

What is the max fat in a bird diet and which species is the exception

Answer 30

8% Except for macaws which need more

Question 31

Which bird species tends to be neophobic once mature

Answer 31

Parrots

Question 32

Which breed of parrot especially needs calcium supplementation

Answer 32

African greys + generally females need

Question 33

Which bird species are predisposed to iodine deficiency

Answer 33

Budgies Cockatiels

Question 34

What type of diet do parrots mostly want

Answer 34

Mainly frugivores

Question 35

What do lories and lorikeets eat

Answer 35

Nectar

Question 36

What issues can having too much protein in diet cause for tortoises

Answer 36

Overgrown beaks and claws Liver disease Rapid growth leading to shell abnormalities Weakness/osteodystrophy Hypovitaminosis A

Question 37

What key vitamin do tortoises need

Answer 37

Vit A

Question 38

What issues does freezing and defrosting meat items cause for animals

Answer 38

Thiamine deficiency due to freezing activating thiaminase enzyme

Question 39

What type of feeder is green iguana

Answer 39

Herbivore

Question 40

What do terrapins eat

Answer 40

Omnivores (but practically carnovires)

Question 41

What are some issues with mealworms as an insect feed

Answer 41

Fatty Ca:P is 1:22

Question 42

What must owners remember to do if feeding snakes immature prey i.e pinkie mice

Answer 42

Give supplements

Question 43

What mineral do giant african land snails need a source of

Answer 43

Calcium

Question 44

Rabbit natural temperature range

Answer 44

Quite low: 16-20 degrees; need to protect them from excessive heat

Question 45

Are guinea pigs more sensitive to heat or cold

Answer 45

Cold

Question 46

Which is the only solitary hamster species

Answer 46

Syrian

Question 47

Which species cannot cope with ultrasound

Answer 47

Rats

Question 48

Difference in temp preference of rats vs hamsters

Answer 48

Rats like it to be cool and moist Hamsters like dry environment with burrows to keep cool

Question 49

What UV source do reptiles need and how often to change it

Answer 49

UVB Change every year

Question 50

Why do we need perches of different diameters and textures for cage birds

Answer 50

To prevent them getting sores on their feet

Question 51

What is special about the way that chameleons drink

Answer 51

Only drink dripping water

Question 52

Specific housing requirements of chameleons

Answer 52

High humidity, high daytime temp and large drop at night

Question 53

Which tortoise species has an obligation to hibernate

Answer 53

Horsefield

Question 54

What is the max hibernation length for tortoises UK

Answer 54

3 months

Question 55

What is anura

Answer 55

Frogs and toads

Question 56

What is urodeles

Answer 56

Newts and salamanders