The process of estimating the amount of savings required to maintain a desired lifestyle in retirement, considering factors like expenses, inflation, and longevity.
Retirement Needs Analysis
The percentage of pre-retirement income needed during retirement to maintain the same standard of living, often estimated at 70-80%.
Replacement Ratio
The risk of outliving one’s retirement savings due to increased life expectancy.
Longevity Risk
The potential for rising costs over time to erode the purchasing power of retirement savings.
Inflation Risk
A statistical method used to estimate the probability of different retirement outcomes by simulating thousands of possible investment and withdrawal scenarios.
Monte Carlo Simulation
The percentage of retirement assets withdrawn annually to fund expenses, with the 4% rule being a common guideline for sustainable withdrawals.
Withdrawal Rate
Strategies for maximizing Social Security benefits, including delaying benefits to increase monthly payments.
Social Security Optimization
A pension plan where retirees receive a guaranteed income based on salary and years of service, typically funded by an employer.
Defined Benefit Plan
A retirement savings plan, such as a 401(k) or 403(b), where employees contribute pre-tax or Roth dollars, and future benefits depend on investment performance.
Defined Contribution Plan
The minimum amount that must be withdrawn annually from tax-deferred retirement accounts, such as traditional IRAs and 401(k)s, starting at a certain age (currently 73 under SECURE Act 2.0).
Required Minimum Distribution