rosenthal & jacobson (ethical issues)
deceived both pupils and teachers, effects of labelling had an impact on pupils
rosenthal & jacobson: pygmalion in the classroom
• randomly identified pupils as high IQ and found that those who were identified as ‘spurters’ achieved higher grades than those who were not
• shows the effects of labelling & sfp
ronsenham
study shows field experiments are more natual, valid & realistic but could be unethical