Flexibility Testing

Question 1

Plantar Flexion

Answer 1

gastrocnemius

soleus

tibialis posteriro (pf and inv)

Question 2

gastrocnemius

Answer 2

Sitting with legs extended, push feet into dorsiflexion looking for which one goes further hold above knee

Question 3

leg and foot m

Answer 3

gastrocnemius
soleus
tibialis anterior
flexor digitorum longus
extensor digitorum

Question 4

thigh m

Answer 4

Quadriceps
Hamstrings (SLR)
Thomas and Modified Thomas test
Ely’s test
Ober’s test
Faber’s test
Adductor-supine

Question 5

Hip m.

Answer 5

Internal (medial) rotators
External (lateral) rotators
Piriformis
Gluteus Maximus, Medius and Minimus

Question 6

Back m.

Answer 6

Extensors
Erector Spinae
Trunk flexors
Trunk rotators
Trunk side flexors (lateral flexion)
Latissimus dorsi

Question 7

Neck m.

Answer 7

Flexors
Extensors
Side flexors
Rotators
Trapezius

Question 8

Arm and Hand m.

Answer 8

Biceps brachii
Wrist extensors
Wrist flexors

Question 9

Shoulder m.

Answer 9

Levator Scapulae
Shoulder internal (medial) rotators
Shoulder external (lateral) rotators
Rhomboids
Infraspinatus
Supraspinatus

Question 10

Chest m.

Answer 10

Pectoralis Major
Pectoralis Minor

Question 11

Soleus stretch

Answer 11

Sitting at the edge of the bed, with knees bent at 90 degrees, push into DF

Question 12

Tibialis Posterior (pf and inv)

Answer 12

Place foot in dorsiflexion and eversion off side of table hold leg straight

Question 13

Dorsiflexion

Answer 13

Tibialis Anterior (DF and INV)

Question 14

Tibialis Anterior (DF and INV)

Answer 14

Place foot in plantar flexion and eversion and compare to the un-injured side.

Question 15

Extensor Digitorum Longus and Extensor Hallucis Longus:

Answer 15

Sitting with legs straight, push toes into flexion curled

Question 16

Flexor Digitorum Longus and Flexor Hallucis Longus:

Answer 16

Sitting with legs straight, push the toes into extension

Question 17

HIP FLEXION AND LEG EXTENSION

Answer 17

Quadriceps
Illiopsoas

Question 18

Ely’s Test

Answer 18

RECTUS FEMORIS

Prone: flex the knee to bring the heel towards the buttocks. If the rectus femoris is tight, the hip (test side) will lift off the table. (Pelvic
tilt)
If the leg extensors are tight, the heel won’t be able to get as close to the buttocks as compared to the other side.

Question 19

Modified Thomas Test:

Answer 19

> Resting at the edge of the table, patient holds opposite knee to chest, and rolls back. The patient’s leg should be hanging over the
edge of the table. Stabilize the other leg with your shoulder. If the rectus is tight, the thigh will lift off the table; if the quads are tight,
the knee will be extended; if the ITB is tight, the leg will be pulled out into abduction.

Question 20

Hip Extension

Answer 20

hamstrings

Question 21

Sitting SLR

Answer 21

Have patient sit at the edge of the table and extend both legs while keeping back straight

Watch for back extension and see if they can extend their legs.

Question 22

Supine SLR

Answer 22

> The patient is supine with a flat back. You will passively lift their leg into hip flexion with the knee extended as far as possible.

> Compare ROM to the other side and watch for pelvic tilt.

Question 23

Hip Adduction

Answer 23

Adductor Magnus, Longus and Brevis; Gracilis; etc…:

Question 24

Faber’s Test:

Answer 24

Adductor Magnus, Longus and Brevis; Gracilis; etc…:

Figure 4 and stabilize the opposite ASIS

Feel for the opp ASIS lifting and note how close the knee can get to the table.

Question 25

Supine:

Answer 25

Adductor Magnus, Longus and Brevis; Gracilis; etc...: Stabilize opp. ASIS and abduct the leg. Limitation of ROM is noted when the ASIS begins to move inferiorly.

Question 26

HIP ABDUCTION

Answer 26

Iliotibial Band/ Tensor Fascia Latae Tests:

Question 27

Ober's test

Answer 27

Iliotibial Band/ Tensor Fascia Latae Tests Patient is side lying with hip extended and knee flexed. Scoop leg into hip flexion and abduction and bring into hip extension. Let knee drop, and it should approach the table. This test can also be done with the leg extended.

Question 28

HIP EXTERNAL ROTATION

Answer 28

External Rotators of the hip (Piriformis; Obturator Externus; etc...):

Question 29

External Rotators of the hip (Piriformis; Obturator Externus; etc...): Prone:

Answer 29

Knees are bent at 90 degrees. Let legs fall into internal rotation of the hips. Feel tight band in buttock. Compare how far away legs are from the mid-line

Question 30

HIP INTERNAL ROTATION

Answer 30

Internal Rotators of the Hip (Gluteus Medius, minimus):

Question 31

Internal Rotators of the Hip (Gluteus Medius, minimus):

Answer 31

Opposite to external rotators except one leg is tested at a time

Question 32

Back extension

Answer 32

Erector Spinae Group:

Question 33

Erector Spinae Group: Standing Forward flexion:

Answer 33

Patient stands with knees slightly bent. Tuck chin in and slowly roll down towards the floor as far as possible. The patient should be able to touch their toes.

Question 34

Trunk Rotation m.

Answer 34

Multifidus; Rotatores; Abdominal Obliques:

Question 35

Multifidus; Rotatores; Abdominal Obliques: sitting

Answer 35

Sitting on a chair with their arms crossed on chest, rotate to both sides. Make sure that the opposite hip does not lift off the chair.

Question 36

Neck category

Answer 36

Neck tests, trapezius

Question 37

Neck tests

Answer 37

All ranges of motion are performed, with slight over pressure

Question 38

Trapezius

Answer 38

Tested and found tight if neck lateral flexion is restricted

Question 39

Shoulder Abduction

Answer 39

Supraspinatus and Deltoid:

Question 40

Supraspinatus and Deltoid: standing

Answer 40

With arm straight, patient adducts arm behind back and pulls with opposite hand. Compare and see how far past the mid-line each arm can go

Question 41

Shoulder Internal and External Rotation

Answer 41

Supraspinatus; Infraspinatus; Subscapularis; etc...:

Question 42

Supraspinatus; Infraspinatus; Subscapularis; etc...: external rotators and internal rotators

Answer 42

External Rotators: Supine, arm abducted to 90° and put arm into internal rotation Internal Rotators: Supine, arm abducted to 90° and put arm into external rotation

Question 43

Shoulder Adduction

Answer 43

Pectoralis Major

Question 44

Pectoralis Major

Answer 44

Supine: Horizontally abduct arm to 90°for middle fibres and horizontally abduct arm to 120° for the lower fibres. See how close the arm can get to the table

Question 45

Shoulder Protraction

Answer 45

Pectoralis Minor

Question 46

Pectoralis Minor:

Answer 46

Supine: Shoulders will not lie flat on the table if the pec minor is tight.

Question 47

Shoulder Extension

Answer 47

Latissimus Dorsi/ Teres Major:

Question 48

Latissimus Dorsi/ Teres Major

Answer 48

Supine: Patient’s knees are bent and their back is flat. The athlete moves both arms through maximum shoulder flexion. The muscles are tight if the arms do not lie flat on the table or if they lose their pelvic tilt.

Question 49

Elbow Flexion

Answer 49

Biceps Brachii

Question 50

Biceps Brachii

Answer 50

Seated: Put arm into full elbow extension full shoulder extension. Check range of motion compared to the other side.

Question 51

Elbow Extension

Answer 51

Triceps Brachii

Question 52

Triceps Brachii

Answer 52

Seated: Elbow flexed and shoulder in full flexion. Compare ROM to the other side.

Question 53

Wrist Extension

Answer 53

Extensor Carpi Radialis/ Ulnaris etc...:

Question 54

Extensor Carpi Radialis/ Ulnaris etc...:

Answer 54

Seated: Passively flex the wrist and compare the ROM to the other side.

Question 55

Wrist Flexion

Answer 55

Flexor Carpi Radialis/ Ulnaris etc...:

Question 56

Flexor Carpi Radialis/ Ulnaris etc...:

Answer 56

Seated: Passively extend the wrist and compare the ROM to the other side.

Question 57

SCAPULAR/ SHOULDER RETRACTION

Answer 57

Rhomboids:

Question 58

Rhomboids:

Answer 58

Seated: Sitting in a chair with the arms crossed, try to grab the legs of the chair and round your back. If tight, they will have difficulty doing this.