fuel stuff

Question 1

hydrogen as fuel
advantages
disadvantages

Answer 1

adv:
1. pollution free -> water produced, no harmful emissions
2. produce a lot of energy, very exothermic reaction

disadv
1. effective storage, h2 gas
2. finite resource, crack crude oil fractions

cheap source of h2 gas difficult

Question 2

crude oil/petroleum
separated into 9 fractions

which one high demand?

Answer 2

all hydrocarbons
from top to bottom
1. petroleum gases: cooking, heating
2. petrol: fuel for cars (high demand)
3. naptha: chemicals, feedstock, plastic
4. paraffin: aircraft fuel, waes
7. diesel: fuel for cars, lorries, buses
8. lubricating oil: waxes
9. bitumen: roads, roofs

fractional distillation
top has most

Petroleum gas
Petrol
Naphfta
Parraffin
Diesel
Lubricating OIl
Bitumen

Question 3

cracking of large alkanes -> produce petrol example

Answer 3

cracking
C10 H22 (lubricating oil) => C8H18 + C2H4

Question 4

which homologous series
can convert to most other homologous series

Answer 4

alkene

i.e. alkenes -(hydration)-> alcohol
alkenes -(hydrogenation)-> alkanes
crack alkene -> alkane

Question 5

each fraction in crude oil fuel separation contains

Answer 5

mixture of hydrocarbons

Question 6

volatility of petrol

Answer 6

high
1. simple molecular struct
2. volatile, vaporise easily

Question 7

main component of natural gas

Answer 7

methane

natural gas
- cleanest fossil fuel

Question 8

bioethanol
why more env sust

Answer 8

sugarcane grow, offset co2 produced, burn bioethanol during photoyntehsis