alkenes functional group
alkenyl (C=C)
alkynes functional group
alkynyl (Carbon-Carbon triple bond)
Ethers functional group
alkoxy (R-O-R’) (ether bunny)
Esters functional group
ester (C-O double bond and a C-O single bond bonded to R’)
Amines functional group
amino (-NH2)
Amides functional group
amido (RCONH2) (C=O)
Alcohols functional group
hydroxyl (R-OH)
Carboxylic acids functional group
carboxyl (RCOOH)
Aldehydes functional group
carbonyl (RCOH) (C=O, C-H)
Ketones functional group
carbonyl (RCOR’) (C=O)
Arenes functional group
phenyl (ring)
Halogenoalkanes functional group
halogeno (-X)
Alkenes react with steam to produce
alcohol
Test for insaturation
bromine water (addition reaction)
Polyesters
Condensation polymers joined by ester linkages
Carboxylic acid + alcohol
(poly)ester + H2O
Carboxyl group + hydroxyl group
ester linkage + H2O
Polyamides
condensation polymers joined by amide linkages
Carboxylic acid + amine
(poly)amide + H2O
carboxyl group + amine group
amide linkage + H2O
amide linkages are also known as
peptide bonds
amino acid structure
amine group, R group (side chain), carboxyl group
Alcohol + sodium
sodium alkoxide + H2
Are carboxylic acids strong or weak acids?
Weak acids (only partially dissociated into ions of RCOO- and H+ when in aqueous solution)
