geography mid topic test

Question 1

How are waves created?

Answer 1

By the transfer of energy from the wind blowing over the surface of the sea

Question 2

what is the crest?

Answer 2

top of a wave

Question 3

what is the wave height?

Answer 3

distance from trough to crest

Question 4

What is the trough

Answer 4

bottom of a wave

Question 5

What is the wavelength?

Answer 5

distance between two successive crests

Question 6

What is the wave amplitude?

Answer 6

1/2 the wave height

Question 7

How does wind velocity affect wave energy?

Answer 7

A faster wind has more energy to transfer down to the water through frictional drag

Question 8

How does the period of time wind has blown for affect wave energy

Answer 8

The longer the wind blows over the same water, the more energy it transfers

Question 9

How does the length of the fetch affect wave energy

Answer 9

A longer fetch lets waves build up more energy

Question 10

Why do waves break?

Answer 10

A wave breaks when it gets steep enough that the top tips over

Question 11

Why do waves break at the coast

Answer 11

wave shoaling. This occurs when the water becomes shallow at the edge of the coastline.

Question 12

what is a plunge line?

Answer 12

point at which wave breaks

Question 13

what is swash?

Answer 13

Swash is foaming water rushing up the beach, depositing material

Question 14

what is backwash?

Answer 14

Backwash is water flowing back to the sea due to gravity, which can scour and erode the beach

Question 15

how are swell waves formed

Answer 15

distant storms and travel long distances

Question 16

how are sea waves generated

Answer 16

local winds and travel short distances

Question 17

do destructive waves have more swash or backwash

Answer 17

more backwash

Question 18

do constructive waves have more swash or backwash

Answer 18

more swash

Question 19

igneous rock forming process

Answer 19

crystallization

Question 20

example of igneous rock

Answer 20

granite

Question 21

sedimentary rock forming process

Answer 21

deposition

Question 22

metamorphic rock forming process

Answer 22

recrystallization

Question 23

example of sedimentary rock

Answer 23

bedded sandstone

Question 24

metamorphic rock example

Answer 24

gneiss

Question 25

constructive and destructive energy levels

Answer 25

constructive = low energy destructive = high energy

Question 26

constructive and destructive height

Answer 26

constructive = small height destructive = tall height

Question 27

constructive and destructive wavelengths

Answer 27

constructive = long wavelength destructive = short wavelength

Question 28

constructive and destructive breaking

Answer 28

constructive = break infrequently destructive = break frequently

Question 29

constructive and destructive sediment

Answer 29

constructive = deposits sediment onto beach destructive = erodes sediment from beach

Question 30

solution definition

Answer 30

dissolved material transported by water

Question 30

What is coastal deposition

Answer 30

The dropping of sediment by the sea anywhere where it loses energy

Question 31

what is a concordant coastline

Answer 31

rock layers run parallel to the coast

Question 32

what is a discordant coastline

Answer 32

rock layers run perpendicular to the coast