globalisation 3.2c

Question 1

what a few things which have led to the spread of globalisation and new global regions?

Answer 1

• special economic zones, government subsidies and attitudes to FDI

Question 2

how has global areas expanded and how?

Answer 2

• from ‘Western countries’ early global players
• modern day due to imporvements in transport and telocommunications and the driver of TNCs create new global areas

Question 3

what countries are the BRICS & MINTS? - new global areas

Answer 3

BRICS = brazil,[russia], India, China
MINTS = mexico, nigeria, indonesia, turkey
[russia postition different due to war]

Question 4

what stragies have these new global areas used to attract TNCs / FDI?

Answer 4

• liberalisation [free trade]
• incetives [e.g grants]
• creating special economic zones

Question 5

whats the basics of the global shift?

Answer 5

• west to east
• through offshoring and TNCs [provided by west]
• manufacturing shifts to east = gain power and grows there econmys through mutiplier effect to create new global players

Question 6

why did India not engage in globalisation at an ealier stage?

Answer 6

• wanted to globalise on their terms
• negative idea of it as first due to previous colonisation
  = relucatant to open up further power to the ‘west’

Question 7

when/how did they begin to globalise?
[india]

Answer 7

• since 1991 they reduced protectionist measures increasing FDI
• particularly in the service sector = have call centres and IT jobs due to the development of technology
  = inc interconnectivty and inc global flows = mutiplier effect occurs

Question 8

what advantage did they have?

Answer 8

due to beign previously colonised by the British empire = largely english speaking & well educated = could communicate with english speaaking countries

Question 9

whats the name of Indias TNC?

Answer 9

• TATA seen as major global players provide FDI to the UK
• own sky

Question 10

when was the china open door policy?

Answer 10

1978

Question 11

what was china like before 1978?

Answer 11

• politcially isolated
• under communist leadership = Zedong
• lead to millions dying from famine and poverty

Question 12

what changed in 1978?

Answer 12

• XIAOPING begain the open door policy to international buisesses
  = allowed china to embrace globalisation

Question 13

what migration occured and why?

Answer 13

• transformation into an urban, industralised nation = lead to 300 million ppl migrating rural - urban in 30 years.
• only strict registration hukou left rural villages completely emptying

Question 14

how did china attract TNCs?
give evidence

Answer 14

• created 4 SEZ zones offering tax incentives, cheap labour
• 2005 50% of chinas exports came from these SEZ’s

Question 15

explain the FDI China recieves?

Answer 15

• largest recieve of FDI in the world
• now a major player in inflow and outflow of FDI invests in USA etc
• FDI massively increased Chinas global flows ‘workshop of the world’
• also now invests into AFRICA