Hemodynamics

Question 1

1. ) Flow equation? Analogous to?
2. ) Poiseulles flow?
   - 3 types of flow?
3. ) Vascular compliance equation? With age?
4. ) Laplace equation for tension? Related problem?
   5a. ) Resistance in parallel eq? Total R? Change in 1? Ex?
   5b. ) Resistance in series eq? Total R?
5. ) Ficks principle determines? Relates to?
6. ) Startlings equation deals with?

Answer 1

• Q= {}P/R; Ohms law
• Q = {}P * Pi r^4 / 8 n l (n= viscosity; l = length)
• Laminar, pulsatile, steady
• C = {}V/{}P; arteriosclerorosis with less compliance
• Tension = {}Pxr/ thickness
• 1/RT = 1/R1 + …. Less than any single vessel; not much overall change; cap beds
• Rt = R1 + R2…Additive
• Transcapillary efflux; bulk transport
• Hydrostatic and oncotic pressure

Question 2

• Cardiac output =? Average at rest?
• 4 Steps of cardiac cycle?
• Preload?
• Afterload?
• Heart responds to increased EDV by?
• Draw PV loop diagram* Effect of increased PL, AL, Ino?
• Can be used to determine? (3)

Answer 2

• SV*HR; 4-6L
• Filling, Isovol. contraction; Ejection phase; Isovol. relaxation
• Length muscle stretches before shortening = EDV
• Load ventricle must push against = Ao pressure
• Incr. force of contraction
• EF, SV, Stroke work