Human Defence System

Question 1

Pathogen

Answer 1

Disease causing organism

Question 2

Examples of the first line of defence

Answer 2

Skin
Clotting
Mucus

Question 3

What is in the second line of general defence

Answer 3

Phagocytes
Inflammation

Question 4

Phagocytes

Answer 4

Small WBCs that surround engulf microorganisms

Question 5

Macrophages

Answer 5

Large phagocytes
Some are scavengers
Others remain in lymphatic organs

Question 6

Defence proteins

Answer 6

Interferons attach viruses

Question 7

Inflammation

Answer 7

More white blood cells come to infected area
Swelling, redness, heat
Whole body= fever - stops bacterial and viral reproduction

Question 8

Induced immunity

Answer 8

Using antibodies to resist specific pathogens

Question 9

Immunisation

Answer 9

When we produce or are injected with antibodies against a pathogen

Question 10

Vaccine

Answer 10

A non-disease causing dose of a pathogen which triggers the production of antibodies

Question 11

2 types of induced immunity

Answer 11

Active and passive
Each can be artificial or natural

Question 12

Natural active immunity

Answer 12

Pathogens from environment

Question 13

Artificial active immunity

Answer 13

Vaccine

Question 14

Active immunity

Answer 14

Antibodies produced in the body

Question 15

Passive immunity

Answer 15

Antibodies entering the body

Question 16

Natural passive immunity

Answer 16

Breast milk
Placenta

Question 17

Artificial passive immunity

Answer 17

Injection e.g tetanus

Question 18

Where are lymphocytes formed

Answer 18

Bone marrow

Question 19

Where are lymphocytes active

Answer 19

Lymphatic tissue

Question 20

What types of cells can lymphocytes be

Answer 20

B cells or T cells

Question 21

Where do B cells mature

Answer 21

Bone marrow

Question 22

Where do T cells mature

Answer 22

Thymus

Question 23

Four types of T cells

Answer 23

Helper
Killer
Suppressor
Memory

Question 24

Suppressor T cell role

Answer 24

Turn of immune response

Question 25

Killer T cell role

Answer 25

Destroy abnormal/ foreign cells

Question 26

Memory cell role

Answer 26

Stimuli memory B cells and killer T cells if re-infection occurs

Question 27

Role of plasma B cells

Answer 27

Make antibodies

Question 28

Role of memory B cells

Answer 28

Prevent re-infection