Immunity

Question 1

2 things that cause disease

Answer 1

Bacteria

Viruses

Question 2

How Bacteria causes disease

Answer 2

• cells themselves
• they make/release toxins
• antibiotics kill them

Question 3

How Viruses cause disease

Answer 3

• they invade cells
• they copy
• they burst the cells they invade

Question 4

What do white blood cells do - general

Answer 4

They fight disease

Question 5

Two types of white blood cells and what they do

Answer 5

Lymphocytes - round nucleus, same size as red blood cell

Phagocytes - bit bigger, lobed shaped nucleus, surrounds bacteria -> engulfs and digests

Question 6

What is an antibody

Answer 6

a protein produced by the immune system in response to the presence of an antigen

• unique antibody produced to fight the bacteria or viruses

Question 7

What happens after recovery after illness caused by bacteria/virus?

Answer 7

• Some antibodies stay in the blood
• Some lymphocytes turn into MEMORY CELLS -> they remember and can make the antibodies fast when needed in future -> immunity

Question 8

Process of vaccination

Answer 8

• give you an inactive form of disease ( doesn’t make you ill )
• this is in order to make your body produce memory cells which are able to make antibodies very fast when needed in future ( ie when you encounter the disease ).