Immunizations Flashcards by Sarah Mila

what are th e8th leading cause of death in the US?
- what number is vaccine hesitancy ranked at to global threats?

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what are the two types of immunizations?

Active Immunization (Vaccines)
What happens:
You give the body a piece of the germ so the body learns to fight it itself.
Think of it like training the immune system.
You give something that looks like the germ (but won’t make you sick)
Your body builds antibodies
Your body makes memory cells
If the real infection comes later → your immune system already knows how to fight it
Examples:
Tetanus vaccine
MMR vaccine
COVID vaccine
Key idea:
🧠 Your body makes the antibodies
Slow start but long protection
Passive Immunization
What happens:
You give the person antibodies that are already made.
Think of it like borrowing someone else’s immune protection.
No waiting for the body to make antibodies
Protection works immediately
But it does NOT last long
Examples:
Rabies immune globulin
Hepatitis B immune globulin
Antivenom
Key idea:
💉 Antibodies are given directly
Fast protection but temporary

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what are the populations with special considerations?

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what is contraindicated in immunosuppressed pts? what are the vaccines? exceptions?

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HC transplants - what is destroyed? what is the protocol?

Why immune memory disappears
Your immune memory cells (B cells & T cells) live in the bone marrow and lymphoid system.
These cells remember:
vaccines
past infections
When doctors destroy the marrow before transplant →
🧠 those memory cells are lost
So the body forgets previous vaccines.
What happens after transplant
Over time the antibody levels (titers) that protect against diseases like:
tetanus
measles
hepatitis
pneumococcus
drop within about 1–4 years.
Meaning the person is no longer protected.
What we do about it
After transplant, doctors treat the patient like a newborn immune system.
So they re-vaccinate them.
This is called re-immunization.
Important exam point (very high yield)
Early after transplant:
🚫 NO live vaccines
Because their immune system is weak and live vaccines could cause infection.

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corticosteroids - they suppress the immune system, what is the dosing?

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when/ what is live vaccine administratino NOT contraindicated for corticosteroids?

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childre with seiuzures, what are they are risk for/ what should not be deferred?

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what are the CDC imunization changes?

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what are the immunizations based on shared decision making?

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what are the CDC immunizations recommended for ALL children?

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what are the vaccines recommended for certain high risk groups?

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what is in the Vaxelis vaccine?

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what are the vaccine recommendations for ALL children?

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DTap vs Tdap

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Diphtheria, Tetanus, acellular Pertussis (DTaP), who can it NOT be given to? when is it given?

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Tetanus, diphtheria acellular Pertussis (Tdap), when is it given? when is it NOT given?

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which one can be used every 10 years as a booster instead of Tdap? what is the limitation?

Td: will not protect against pertussis

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when should pregnancy women recieive Tdap?

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what can Td and Tdap also be used for?

tetanus prophylaxis for wound management.

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wound management: Tdp and Td-
- severe wounds >5 years ago
- minor clean wounds >10 years ago
- wound any severity uncertain last booster
- all previously nvaccinated with wounds

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who is Hib recommended for?

those who receive a bone marrow transplant

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Pneumococcal Vaccine
where does steptococcus pneumoniae colonize?
what are the vaccines that protect against invasive bacterial disease?

Study These Flashcards

response to PCV

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who is the pneumococcal vaccine recommended for?

pneumococcal vaccine recommnedations for >50 y/o

what are the risk factors of pneumococcal?

what are the recommendations with the penumococcal vaccine for adults >65?

from measles, mumps, and rubella, what is the dose series? which is highly contagious? what are the sx of mumps? sx of rubella? CI? who should not get the vaccine? and why?

inactivated poliovirus (IVP)

varicella zoster virus vaccine

herpes zoster virus vaccine

RSV vaccine: - who is it recommended in? - what happens if the mother was not vaccinated against RSV?

RSV monoclonal antibodies

what are the vaccine recommendations for certain high risk groups?

human papillomavirus vaccine (HPV): - which is distributed thourghout the US? - what does it prevent/ treat? - routine vaccination age? doses? when to not use?

RSV vaccine or antibodies chart

HBV age 19-59 y/o

HBV - infants/ children

Mother HBV negative → vaccine can wait but must start by 2 months If the mother is hepatitis B positive (or her status is unknown) This is high risk because hepatitis B can pass during birth. The baby must get two things within 12 hours of birth: 1️⃣ Hepatitis B vaccine 2️⃣ HBIG (hepatitis B immune globulin) Important detail: ➡️ Give them in different limbs HBV vaccine = active immunity (teaches baby immune system) HBIG = passive immunity (immediate antibodies)